Biological Impact of Photoperiod on Fairy Shrimp (Branchinecta orientalis): Life History and Biochemical Composition

Abstract

B. orientalis, fairy shrimp, is often among the most conspicuous invertebrates inhabiting temporary aquatic habitats with a typical variation in environmental conditions. Its life history characteristics and biochemical composition were studied under four different photoperiodic regimes (24L:0D, 0L:24D, 16L:8D, and 12L:12D). The significantly highest cumulative and initial hatching rates (48 h) were obtained at 24L:0D (p < 0.05). Cultivating the larvae under different photoperiods did not significantly affect specific growth rate (SGR) (p > 0.05). However, higher final total body length and daily growth rate were recorded under constant darkness. Higher lipid content was found at 24L:0D to the extent that it was more than two times higher than that at 16L:8D and 12L:12D (p < 0.05). There was also a remarkable increase in body crude protein content at 24L:0D (p < 0.05). Body fatty-acid profiles of the fairy shrimps were also affected by culture condition (p < 0.05). Extension of lighting period resulted in a subtle increase in body contents of arginine, lysine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, valine, methionine, and phenylalanine, especially in the group kept under a 16L:8D regime. The highest and lowest digestive enzyme activity was observed at 0L:24D and 24L:0D, respectively (p < 0.05). In contrast, the highest and lowest soluble protein content was recorded at 24L:0D and 0L:24D, respectively (p < 0.05). Similarly, antioxidant status was significantly higher at 0L:24D (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a 16L:8D light–dark cycle might be an optimal condition in terms of growth performance and physio-biochemical characteristics. These findings could be helpful in optimizing the rearing conditions for upscaling B. orientalis production.

Bridging the Scotia Arc: Climate‐Driven Shifts in Connectivity of the Freshwater Crustacean Branchinecta gaini in Sub‐Antarctic and Antarctic Ecosystems

“…Although the broad‐scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996; Farhadi et al. 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density‐dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

“…Additionally, the species' diapause strategy, in which cysts remain dormant in sediment until favourable conditions return, likely enhances population persistence while limiting the influence of environmental factors on genetic structure (Philippi et al 2001). Although the broad-scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996;Farhadi et al 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density-dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

Bridging the Scotia Arc: Climate‐Driven Shifts in Connectivity of the Freshwater Crustacean Branchinecta gaini in Sub‐Antarctic and Antarctic Ecosystems

“…Although the broad‐scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996; Farhadi et al. 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density‐dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

“…Additionally, the species' diapause strategy, in which cysts remain dormant in sediment until favourable conditions return, likely enhances population persistence while limiting the influence of environmental factors on genetic structure (Philippi et al 2001). Although the broad-scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996;Farhadi et al 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density-dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

Distinct multitrophic biodiversity composition and community organization in a freshwater lake and a hypersaline lake on the Tibetan Plateau

“…For example, a number of known freshwater species, including several diatoms (e.g., Cyclotella meneghiniana , Nitzschia palea , Nitzschia heufleriana ) (DiatomBase; https://www.diatombase.org ) and invertebrates (e.g., oligochaete Limnodrilus sp., 36 ostracod Ilyocypris sp. ; 37 and fairy shrimp Branchinecta orientalis 38 ), were only detected in CRL, whereas saline-adapted brine shrimp ( Artemia tibetiana and A . urmiana ) were only found in MCL.…”

Comprehensive Utilization of Land Resources for Photovoltaic Power Generation to Culture Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis): Growth Performance, Nutritional Composition and Tissue Color

“…According to a report, the Arg, Leu, Met, Pro, and Gly could be influenced by the change of light intensity in giant clams (Tridacna crocea) [19]. Li et al (2020) confirmed that the light promoted the biosynthesis of Cys in S. paramamosain, and previous studies also suggested that the photoperiod can regulate the content of Tyr in the Malaysian red tilapia and His in the shrimp (Branchinecta orientalis) [40,41]. Our results also showed that the PV panels affected the content of eight amino acids in different tissues of E. sinensis compared with the control group, including Met, Arg, Cys, Pro, Gly, Leu, Tyr, and His.…”

Bridging the Scotia Arc: Climate‐Driven Shifts in Connectivity of the Freshwater Crustacean Branchinecta gaini in Sub‐Antarctic and Antarctic Ecosystems

“…Although the broad‐scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996; Farhadi et al. 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density‐dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

“…Additionally, the species' diapause strategy, in which cysts remain dormant in sediment until favourable conditions return, likely enhances population persistence while limiting the influence of environmental factors on genetic structure (Philippi et al 2001). Although the broad-scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996;Farhadi et al 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density-dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

Distinct multitrophic biodiversity composition and community organization in a freshwater lake and a hypersaline lake on the Tibetan Plateau

“…For example, a number of known freshwater species, including several diatoms (e.g., Cyclotella meneghiniana , Nitzschia palea , Nitzschia heufleriana ) (DiatomBase; https://www.diatombase.org ) and invertebrates (e.g., oligochaete Limnodrilus sp., 36 ostracod Ilyocypris sp. ; 37 and fairy shrimp Branchinecta orientalis 38 ), were only detected in CRL, whereas saline-adapted brine shrimp ( Artemia tibetiana and A . urmiana ) were only found in MCL.…”

Comprehensive Utilization of Land Resources for Photovoltaic Power Generation to Culture Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis): Growth Performance, Nutritional Composition and Tissue Color

“…According to a report, the Arg, Leu, Met, Pro, and Gly could be influenced by the change of light intensity in giant clams (Tridacna crocea) [19]. Li et al (2020) confirmed that the light promoted the biosynthesis of Cys in S. paramamosain, and previous studies also suggested that the photoperiod can regulate the content of Tyr in the Malaysian red tilapia and His in the shrimp (Branchinecta orientalis) [40,41]. Our results also showed that the PV panels affected the content of eight amino acids in different tissues of E. sinensis compared with the control group, including Met, Arg, Cys, Pro, Gly, Leu, Tyr, and His.…”

Bridging the Scotia Arc: Climate‐Driven Shifts in Connectivity of the Freshwater Crustacean Branchinecta gaini in Sub‐Antarctic and Antarctic Ecosystems

“…Although the broad‐scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996; Farhadi et al. 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density‐dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

“…Additionally, the species' diapause strategy, in which cysts remain dormant in sediment until favourable conditions return, likely enhances population persistence while limiting the influence of environmental factors on genetic structure (Philippi et al 2001). Although the broad-scale climatic variables integrated into our study did not explain genetic structure, we cannot discard that local physicochemical conditions such as photoperiod, temperature, or conductivity might influence population density and gene flow at a finer spatial scale (Brendonck 1996;Farhadi et al 2021). Alternatively, the genetic structure in B. gaini may also be shaped by stochastic processes, density-dependent biotic interactions and microbiome assemblage rather than deterministic environmental filtering.…”

Distinct multitrophic biodiversity composition and community organization in a freshwater lake and a hypersaline lake on the Tibetan Plateau

“…For example, a number of known freshwater species, including several diatoms (e.g., Cyclotella meneghiniana , Nitzschia palea , Nitzschia heufleriana ) (DiatomBase; https://www.diatombase.org ) and invertebrates (e.g., oligochaete Limnodrilus sp., 36 ostracod Ilyocypris sp. ; 37 and fairy shrimp Branchinecta orientalis 38 ), were only detected in CRL, whereas saline-adapted brine shrimp ( Artemia tibetiana and A . urmiana ) were only found in MCL.…”

Comprehensive Utilization of Land Resources for Photovoltaic Power Generation to Culture Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis): Growth Performance, Nutritional Composition and Tissue Color

“…According to a report, the Arg, Leu, Met, Pro, and Gly could be influenced by the change of light intensity in giant clams (Tridacna crocea) [19]. Li et al (2020) confirmed that the light promoted the biosynthesis of Cys in S. paramamosain, and previous studies also suggested that the photoperiod can regulate the content of Tyr in the Malaysian red tilapia and His in the shrimp (Branchinecta orientalis) [40,41]. Our results also showed that the PV panels affected the content of eight amino acids in different tissues of E. sinensis compared with the control group, including Met, Arg, Cys, Pro, Gly, Leu, Tyr, and His.…”