Effects of perioperative hypothermia and reactive oxygen species in the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats

Abstract

PURPOSE:We evaluated the hypothesis that induced perioperative hypothermia (32 ± 1ºC) affects the redox balance in the tissue of colonic anastomosis in rats by modifying biochemical enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers related to oxidative stress. METHODS:Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight experimental groups of six animals each and underwent laparotomy, sigmoid section and immediate anastomosis. Four groups were operated under normothermia (36 ± 1ºC), and the other four under hypothermia (32 ± 1ºC). The animals were reoperated on days 3, 7 and 14 postoperatively, and two groups underwent SHAM at 3 days. From the scar tissue samples, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was evaluated, and the levels of non-enzymatic markers of oxidative stress, such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation, were measured by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The means were compared between groups corresponding to each day of sampling and euthanasia. RESULTS:The hypothermic groups showed a significant reduction on the activity of SOD on day 7 postoperatively, on the activity of CAT on days 7 and 14 postoperatively and on the levels of GSH on day 7 postoperatively. The level of lipid peroxidation was increased in the hypothermia group on day 7 postoperatively and decreased on day 14 compared with the normothermic groups. CONCLUSION:Perioperative hypothermia reduced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels and increased lipid peroxidation in the scar tissue of colonic anastomoses in rats.

Ghrelin and gastrointestinal wound healing. A new perspective for colorectal surgery

“…Oliveira et al 30,31 reported a detrimental effect of perioperative hypothermia on the colonic anastomotic healing in animal models with decrease of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10) and growth factors (IGF-1, VEGF) in the seventh and fourteenth postoperative days.…”

Effect of ulinastatin combined with mild therapeutic hypothermia on intestinal barrier dysfunction following cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats

“…However, relatively few studies have determined the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of MTH on small intestinal injury. Perioperative hypothermia decreased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and SOD, decreased glutathione levels and increased lipid peroxidation in the scar tissue of colonic anastomoses in rats (35–37). Hypothermia altered the expression and activity of several small intestinal proteins that may be involved in intestinal I/R-mediated events following successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (14).…”

Use of Antioxidant Substances in Intestinal Anastomosis in Rats

“…Hypothermiais a mechanismknowntoreducemetabolic processes byinterferingin theoxidative stressprocess. Oliveira et al [29] performed hypothermia (35°) onthe 7th and 14th postoperative days of colonanastomosis. This experiment determined that hypothermia reduced the amount of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes, reducedglutathione, and increase lipid peroxidation in the anastomoti chealing process.…”