Effects of Partial Substitution of Fishmeal by Crustacean (Callianassa) Meal on the Growth Performance, Feed Efficiency and Survival Rate of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

The effect of substituting fishmeal with crustacean (Callianassa) meal in the diets of mixed sex Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry (0.2 g) was evaluated. Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 30% CP and 15% CL where fishmeal was substituted with Callianassa meal at 0, 25 and 50% in diets R1, R2 and R3 respectively. The experiment lasted for 6 weeks. The stocking density was 10 fish per tank in an isolated system and the capacity of each tank was 50L. Each treatment was administered in duplicates and fish were fed three times per day (09h, 13h, and 17h). The daily ration corresponds to 10% of the live weight of the fish during the first 2 weeks and was reduced to 8% and then 6% for the second and last two weeks of the trial period. At the end of the experiment, fish fed on R1 (control) diet and R2 diet (25% fishmeal replacement) had similar final weight (0.62 g), absolute mean weight gain (0.42 g), relative mean weight gain (210 %) and specific growth rate (2.50 %) and were significantly different from the values obtained from those fed on R3 diet (50% fishmeal replacement). R3 diet had the best FCR (1.42) and was significantly different from the values obtained from R1 and R2 diets but the values of the diets were not significantly different. The dry matter content of the initial fish (96.33%) and those of the R1 (94.12%) and R2 (95.71%) diets did not differ significantly but were slightly higher than that of the value obtained from fish fed on R3 diet (91.15). The protein content of the initial fish (49.63%) was significantly lower than the values obtained from fish fed on R3 diet (61.95%), R1 diet (54.74%) and R2 diet (52.59%). The fat content of the initial fish (41.51%) was higher than the values obtained when fish were fed on the experimental diets. Among the tested diets, the higher the crustacean meal in the diet, the lower the fat content of the fish muscle. The fat content of R1 (control) diet (29.56%) was slightly higher than the value of R3 diet (24.44%) and slightly lower than R2 diet (32.56%). It is concluded that crustacean meal can replace 25% of fishmeal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fry at 0.2 g without any effect on the growth performances and feed efficiency.

Effect of a New Feed Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820), as a Fish Meal Substitute on Growth, Feed Utilization, Histological Status, and Economic Revenue of Grey Mullet, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758)

“…The utilization of zooplankton dried biomass as a feed ingredient showed promising results to replace fish meal in aquatic diets [16]. It has been used to replace FM in the diet of sea bass up to 100% [17], crustacean (Callianassa) meal succeeded in substituting 25% of FM in the diet of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus [18], and Gammarus meal with partial or total replacement of FM in the diet of Siberian sturgeon, Acipenser baerii [19], among others.…”

Valorization Use of Amphipod Meal, Gammarus pulex, as a Fishmeal Substitute on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Histological and Histometric Indices of the Gut, and Economic Revenue of Grey Mullet

“…Moreover, several insects and mealworms have been used as fishmeal replacers in aquatic diets [14,15]. Meanwhile, animal protein origins could be the best alternatives to FM at higher replacement levels, such as poultry by-products [14], dairy by-products [16], crustacean meal [17], and small crustacean dried biomass (Palaemon and brine shrimp) [18,19].…”

The potential use of daphnia meal as substitute for fishmeal in diets of hybrid red tilapia affects growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, antioxidant, immune status and intestinal histological parameters

“…In addition, Gammarus meal can be used as a partial or total substitution of FM in the diet of Acipenser siberianus (Sharahi et al, 2016) and as a 50% substitution level of FM in the diet of grey mullet fry (Ashour et al, 2021). Other species of zooplankton could be used in low substitution levels, such as Crustacean meal (Callianassa) that successfully replaced 25% of FM in the diet of Nile tilapia, O. niloticus (Fall et al, 2020).…”

“…Among the primary reasons for its appeal are its ease of adaptability to cultural conditions and confinement, salinity tolerance and attractive hue, which increases the retail value (He et al, 2017;Nakphet et al, 2017). Tilapia can synthesise high-quality protein from less refined protein sources, making them environmentally appealing as animal protein sources for humans (El-Sayed, 2019). Because freshwater is in short supply now, encouraging tilapia cultivation in seawater is critical for long-term sustainability.…”

“…The dried zooplankton meal has been used to replace FM in the diet of seabass up to 100% (Hassan et al, 2020). Furthermore, crustacean (Callianassa) meal successfully replaced 25% of FM in the diet of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Fall et al, 2020), gammarus meal efficiently replaced FM in partial or total substitution in the diet of Acipenser ( Siberian sturgeon ) (Sharahi et al, 2016).…”