Effects of Parental Alcoholism, Sense of Belonging, and Resilience on Depressive Symptoms: A Path Model

Abstract

This paper explored the relationships between parental alcoholism, sense of belonging, resilience, and depressive symptoms in Koreans in the U.S. Data from 206 Koreans (Mean age = 28.4 years; 59.8% females) living in a Midwestern state were collected in 2009, using a web-based survey, which included Children of Alcoholic Screening Test, Sense of Belonging Instrument, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Path analysis results revealed sense of belonging as the most powerful, and resilience as the second important factor, resisting depressive symptoms associated with parental alcoholism. Implications for practice and research and study limitations are discussed.

Optimism and Psychological Resilience in relation to Depressive Symptoms in University Students: Examining the Mediating Role of Self-Esteem

“…According to this finding, even if an individual's psychological resilience is few studies toward increasing the individual's self-esteem will be important in the following years. There is a strong relation between resilience and self-esteem (Eraslan, 2014;Lee & Williams, 2013;Sarıkaya, 2015;Sart, Börkan, Erkman, & Serbest, 2016). Hence, the increase in self-esteem will increase the resilience of an individual.…”

Childhood Domestic Violence, Alcoholic Parents, and Adult Psychological Features

“…As the number of childhood adverse events increases, the risk of alcoholism and depression in those who grew up in alcoholic families increases (Anda et al, 2002). As reported in our previous studies, however, the negative consequences related to parents' alcohol problems and the number of adverse experiences in ACOAs' childhood have also been found to decrease as resilience and/or sense of belonging increase (Lee & Cranford, 2008;Lee & Williams, 2013). Specifically, resilient ACOAs are more likely to have tolerance of negative effect by developing better problem-solving or coping skills or positive acceptance of change (Lee & Williams, 2013).…”

“…As reported in our previous studies, however, the negative consequences related to parents' alcohol problems and the number of adverse experiences in ACOAs' childhood have also been found to decrease as resilience and/or sense of belonging increase (Lee & Cranford, 2008;Lee & Williams, 2013). Specifically, resilient ACOAs are more likely to have tolerance of negative effect by developing better problem-solving or coping skills or positive acceptance of change (Lee & Williams, 2013). In addition, feeling valued and connected within a social system can help the individual to recognize more positive aspects in their lives and reduce potential deleterious effects of any sustained stress (Hagerty & Patusky, 1995;Lee & Williams, 2013).…”

“…Specifically, resilient ACOAs are more likely to have tolerance of negative effect by developing better problem-solving or coping skills or positive acceptance of change (Lee & Williams, 2013). In addition, feeling valued and connected within a social system can help the individual to recognize more positive aspects in their lives and reduce potential deleterious effects of any sustained stress (Hagerty & Patusky, 1995;Lee & Williams, 2013). Having a cohesive family with supportive relationship and greater satisfaction with life are another protective factors from negative outcomes, in particular for depression (Kim et al, 2010;Lease, 2002).…”

Effects of Alcohol; Cognitive Disturbances, Pessimism, Depressive Symptoms and Psychological Maladjustment Among Alcoholics

“…In another study, Lee 23 explored sense of belongingness, resilience and depressive symptoms among alcoholics and non-alcoholics. The findings revealed that on depressive symptoms, alcoholics scored significantly higher than non-alcoholics.…”