Effects of Panax notoginseng flower extract on the TGF-β/Smad signal transduction pathway in heart remodeling of human chymase transgenic mice

Wang, Youhua; Qian, Peigang; Ping, Liu; Li, Wei; Cao, Min; Zhou, Li; Duan, Zhou; Lin, Zhi‐Xiu

doi:10.3892/mmr.2012.856

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Various phytochemical and pharmacological investigations have been performed on ginseng, and the root of ginseng is considered to be the most active part of the ginseng plant. In recent years, growing research indicates that other parts of the ginseng plant including berries, leaves, and flower buds also have potential therapeutic activities [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] . However, there is considerably less experimental evidence regarding the medicinal properties of ginseng seeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginseng seed oil ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo

Kim

Chung

2018

Journal of Ginseng Research

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BackgroundDespite the large number of studies on ginseng, pharmacological activities of ginseng seed oil (GSO) have not been established. GSO is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, mostly oleic and linoleic acids. Unsaturated fatty acids are known to exert a therapeutic effect in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of GSO against NAFLD using in vitro and in vivo models.MethodsIn vitro lipid accumulation was induced by free fatty acid mixture in HepG2 cells and by 3 wk of high fat diet (HFD)-feeding in Sprague–Dawley rats prior to hepatocyte isolation. The effects of GSO against diet-induced hepatic steatosis were further examined in C57BL/6J mice fed a HFD for 12 wk.ResultsOil Red O staining and intracellular triglyceride levels showed marked accumulation of lipid droplets in both HepG2 cells and rat hepatocytes, and these were attenuated by GSO treatment. In HFD-fed mice, GSO improved HFD-induced dyslipidemia and hepatic insulin resistance. Increased hepatic lipid contents were observed in HFD-fed mice and it was lowered in GSO (500 mg/kg)-treated mice by 26.4% which was evident in histological analysis. Pathway analysis of hepatic global gene expression indicated that GSO increased the expression of genes associated with β-oxidation (Ppara, Ppargc1a, Sirt1, and Cpt1a) and decreased the expression of lipogenic genes (Srebf1 and Mlxipl), and these were confirmed with reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase-chain reaction.ConclusionThese findings suggest that GSO has a beneficial effect on NAFLD through the suppression of lipogenesis and stimulation of fatty acid degradation pathway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginseng seed oil ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo

Kim

Chung

2018

Journal of Ginseng Research

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“…While most studies used root extracts from ginseng species, floral extracts of P notoginseng have also been shown to exert antihypertrophic effects. Thus, a P notoginseng flower extract administered to chymase-overexpressing transgenic mice effectively reduced the resultant hypertrophic and remodeling effects through a mechanism associated with reduced expression of chymase, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-

1), Smad2 and Smad3 while upregulating expression levels of Smad7 [ 18 ]. P notoginseng , therefore, appears to be an effective antihypertrophic agent acting primarily through its constituent notoginsenosides.…”

Section: Antihypertrophic Effects Of Ginseng and Ginsenosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A summary of the effects of ginseng and ginsenosides and their proposed underlying mechanisms is presented in Table 1 (Ref. [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 24 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ]).…”

Section: Antihypertrophic Effects Of Ginseng and Ginsenosidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Myocardial Remodeling and Heart Failure by Traditional Herbal Medications: Evidence from Ginseng and ginkgo biloba

Karmazyn¹,

Gan²

2023

Rev. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Herbal-based medications have been used as therapeutic agents for thousands of years, particularly in Asian cultures. It is now well established that these herbal medications contain potent bioactive phytochemicals which exert a plethora of beneficial effects such as those seen on the cardiovascular system. Among the most widely studied of these herbal agents is ginseng, a member of the genus Panax , which has been shown to produce beneficial effects in terms of reducing cardiac pathology, at least in experimental studies. The beneficial effects of ginseng observed in such studies are likely attributable to their constituent ginsenosides, which are steroid-like saponins of which there are at least 100 and which vary according to ginseng species. Many ginseng species such as Panax ginseng (also known as Asian ginseng) and P quinquefolius (North American ginseng) as well as specific ginsenosides have been shown to attenuate hypertrophy as well as other indices of myocardial remodeling in a wide variety of experimental models. Ginkgo biloba on the other hand has been much less studied although the leaf extract of the ancient ginkgo tree has similarly consistently been shown to produce anti-remodeling effects. Ginkgo’s primary bioactive constituents are thought to be terpene trilactones called ginkgolides, of which there are currently seven known types. Ginkgo and ginkgolides have also been shown to produce anti-remodeling effects as have been shown for ginseng in a variety of experimental models, in some cases via similar mechanisms. Although a common single mechanism for the salutary effects of these compounds is unlikely, there are a number of examples of shared effects including antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects as well as inhibition of pro-hypertrophic intracellular signaling such as that involving the calcineurin pathway which results in the upregulation of pro-hypertrophic genes. Robust clinical evidence represented by large scale phase 3 trials is lacking although there is limited supporting evidence from small trials at least with respect to ginseng. Taken together, both ginseng and ginkgo as well as their bioactive components offer potential as adjuvant therapy for the treatment of myocardial remodeling and heart failure.

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“…These saponins could attenuate inflammatory response [12], inhibit proliferation [13], and enhance both sperm motility and sperm progression [14]. More importantly, it was found PN-F had stronger angiogenesis effects on zebrafish than roots [15] and improved the ventricular hypertrophy state in human chymase transgenic mice through regulation of the expression of mRNA and protein of TGF-β/Smad in ventricular tissues [16]. Furthermore, our previous results demonstrated that the purified saponin preparation from PN-F could ameliorate acute myocardial infarction via proangiogenesis and antiapoptosis [17–19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Mechanism Study of Panax notoginseng Flower (Herb) on Myocardial Infarction in Rats

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2019

Cardiology Research and Practice

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Background. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen is one of the most common herbs in China. Because of its good efficacy and little adverse reaction, Panax notoginseng has been used widely to treat cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Objective. To investigate effects of Panax notoginseng flower (PN-F) on rats with myocardial infarction (MI). Methods. The proximal left anterior descending coronary artery in rats was ligated to induce acute myocardial infarction. Then, animals were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: MI control group, Betaloc control group (with Betaloc 10 mg/kg/d), FD500 (low-dose) group (Panax notoginseng flower decoction 500 mg/kg, n=10), and FD1000 (high-dose) group (Panax notoginseng flower decoction 1000 mg/kg, n=10). Panax notoginseng flower decoction or Betaloc was orally administrated for two to four weeks before and after operation. Sham-operated group was used as a normal untreated group, in which animals were treated with double distilled water, once daily. HE (hematoxylin and eosin) staining, immunofluorescent assay, TUNEL assay, quantitative real-time PCR, and western blot analysis were, respectively, performed to observe morphology, count mean minimal vessels, investigate apoptotic cells, and record gene (HIF-1, VEGFA, and KDR) and protein (Bcl-2 and Bax) expressions. Results. Two weeks after MI, PN-F significantly enhanced capillary density in the border area of MI, decreased infarct size, improved minimal vessels, suppressed cell apoptosis, and enhanced expressions of genes (HIF-1, VEGFA, and KDR) and proteins (Bcl-2 and Bax). Conclusions. PN-F demonstrated a potential herb to treat rats with myocardial infarction through promoting angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis in the infarct area.

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Effects of Panax notoginseng flower extract on the TGF-β/Smad signal transduction pathway in heart remodeling of human chymase transgenic mice

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Ginseng seed oil ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo

Ginseng seed oil ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo

Inhibition of Myocardial Remodeling and Heart Failure by Traditional Herbal Medications: Evidence from Ginseng and ginkgo biloba

Primary Mechanism Study of Panax notoginseng Flower (Herb) on Myocardial Infarction in Rats

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