Effects of Oro-Sensory Exposure on Satiation and Underlying Neurophysiological Mechanisms—What Do We Know So Far?

Lasschuijt, Marlou; Graaf, Kees de; Mars, Monica

doi:10.3390/nu13051391

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(155 reference statements)

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“…This agrees with a study in Europe that found that the diet characterized by irregular calorie consumption is associated with weight gain [15]. The current study results agree with the study by Lasschuijt and his colleagues have reported that overweight and obese men show an attenuated CCK response to unrestricted intake meals compared with normal-weight men [16]. Taste-signaling mechanisms specified in the oral cavity have an important role in detecting the taste; stimulation of taste receptors triggers regulatory circuits, which are essential in controlling eating behavior and regulating energy homeostasis [17].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effect of Two Types of Diet on Cholecystokinin (CCK) Level in Three Groups of Males

Rezaieg¹

2021

JUAPS

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In response to a meal, the signals of satiety suppress the signals of hunger (meaning to finish the meal). These signals originate in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, transmitting information from the periphery to the brain (by the vagus nerve or the circulation). The study aimed to estimate whether the serum level of Cholecystokinin (CCK) in three male groups is influenced by their type of food. The current study included Sixty volunteers of adult males (normalweight group n=20, overweight group n=20, and obese I group n=20) (21-24 years). The blood samples were taken from subjects in the afternoon after (30 minutes-2 hours) from lunch was consumed, during March 2021 till June 2021. ELIZA kit was used to assay the serum concentration of the Cholecystokinin hormone. The anthropometric measurements were done, such as body weight and height, to calculate body mass index (BMI) by special formula, and the subjects were assorted depending on WHO body mass index (BMI) classification. Cholecystokinin showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in obese I (311.201±21.542) and overweight (353.494 ± 43.915) as compared with the normal weight group (646.002 ± 46.344). A significant negative correlation was noticed between the hormone and body weight. Eating palatable food leads to uncontrolled ingesting behaviors due to the shift from homeostatic to hedonic regulatory mechanisms of food intake. These changes occur primarily in individuals with obesity and thus lead to an irregularity in the secretion of anorexigenic hormones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Effect of Two Types of Diet on Cholecystokinin (CCK) Level in Three Groups of Males

Rezaieg¹

2021

JUAPS

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“…Harder foods have been shown to decrease eating rate and food intake by 9–21% across different foods and meals (see Table 1 in [ 20 •]). Both an increased number of chews and longer oro-sensory exposure have been suggested as reasons for the reduction of energy intake when eating harder foods at a slower rate [ 37 , 38 ]. However, it is important that the difference in perceived “hardness” should be sufficient to observe differences in eating rate and recent data demonstrates that adding fibers to brownies resulted in small changes to the structure that failed to impact oral processing behavior or eating rate.…”

Section: Food Texture Oral Processing Eating Rate and Energy Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelations Between Food Form, Texture, and Matrix Influence Energy Intake and Metabolic Responses

Bolhuis

2022

Curr Nutr Rep

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Purpose of Review Nutrition often focuses on food composition, yet differences in food form, texture, and matrix influence energy intake and metabolism. This review outlines how these attributes of food impact oral processing, energy intake, and metabolism. Recent Findings Food form has a well-established impact on intake, where liquids are consumed more than solids and semi-solids. For solids, texture properties like thickness, hardness, and lubrication, and geometrical properties like size and shape influence oral processing, eating rate, and intake. Food matrix integrity can influence nutrient and energy absorption and is strongly influenced by food processing. Summary Food texture and matrix play important roles in modulating energy intake and absorption. Future research needs to consider the often overlooked role of texture and matrix effects on energy and metabolic responses to composite foods and meals. Research is needed to understand how processing impacts macro- and micro-structure of food and its long-term impact on energy balance and health.

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“…Satiation refers to the process that leads to the interruption of eating; therefore, it controls intake size, and is also known as "satiety during meals" 7 . Satiety is defined as the reduction in the desire to eat once the meal has finished; it refers to after-meal events that affect the interval until the next meal, thereby regulating meal frequency, and is also known as "satiety between meals" 8,9 . These processes are mediated by a series of physiological, cognitive and sensory mechanisms that together modulate the eating behavior 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of chewing behavior modification on food intake, appetite and satiety-related hormones: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Purpose: Obesity has become a growing public health issue worldwide. Studies have shown that eating rate is one of the most important factors to consider in the strategies to prevent and/or treat obesity. Eating rate can be reduced through different strategies, such as an increase in oro-sensory exposure, the modification of food texture, and an increase in the number of chewing cycles. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the available evidence regarding the effect of chewing behavior modification on the parameters that contribute to obesity. Methods: A systematic search was done on the electronic databases Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus, using the terms "mastication", "chewing", "chewing speed", "prolonged chewing", "number of chews", "masticatory cycles" "satiety" "satiety response" "appetite", "appetite regulation", "nutritional status" and "obesity". Results: A total of 23 intervention studies were selected that intervened in the participants' chewing behavior, either by reducing the eating rate, increasing oro-sensory exposure, food hardness or the number of chewing cycles. In most studies these interventions were effective at reducing food intake, subjective appetite and improving the plasma levels of satiety-related hormones and metabolites; moreover, they reduced body mass index in the long term. Conclusion: The currently available evidence seems to indicate that modifications to chewing behavior can bring with it a myriad of benefits for the treatment of obesity.

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Effects of Oro-Sensory Exposure on Satiation and Underlying Neurophysiological Mechanisms—What Do We Know So Far?

Cited by 24 publications

References 112 publications

Effect of Two Types of Diet on Cholecystokinin (CCK) Level in Three Groups of Males

Effect of Two Types of Diet on Cholecystokinin (CCK) Level in Three Groups of Males

Interrelations Between Food Form, Texture, and Matrix Influence Energy Intake and Metabolic Responses

Effect of chewing behavior modification on food intake, appetite and satiety-related hormones: A Systematic Review

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