Effects of organic acids with and without a microbial culture on performance and gastrointestinal tract measurements of weanling pigs

Risley, C R; Kornegay, E. T.; Lindemann, M. D.; Weakland, S.M.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(91)90132-c

Cited by 45 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…No entanto, Silva et al (2002) observaram melhora no ganho de peso médio diário dos leitões ao suplementarem a dieta com 2,5% de ácido láctico, mas não notaram diferenças de consumo de ração e conversão alimentar em comparação ao tratamento controle. Também avaliando ácidos orgânicos nas rações de leitões, Risley et al (1991), Teixeira et al (2003) e Corassa et al (2006) não verificaram variação no consumo de ração dos animais. Tsiloyiannis et al (2001ab), no entanto, fornecendo ácido láctico na dieta de leitões, observaram que os animais apresentaram melhora no ganho de peso, no consumo de ração e na conversão alimentar em relação àqueles do tratamento controle, demonstrando que o ácido orgânico tem efeito positivo sobre o organismo do animal como tratamento preventivo de doenças da fase pós-desmame.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A ação mais efetiva dos ácidos é provavelmente a atividade antimicrobiana, além da modificação da flora intestinal (Burnell et al, 1988), mediante a produção de um meio favorável para bactérias lácticas (Tsiloyiannis et al, 2001a), que promovem benefícios ao organismo do animal e podem, também, causar queda de pH no lúmen intestinal (Giesting & Easter, 1985;Risley et al, 1991;Partanen & Mroz, 1999;Santos et al, 2003).…”

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Avaliação de ácidos orgânicos em dietas para leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade

et al. 2006

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se estudar os efeitos da proporção crescente de ácidos orgânicos na dieta sobre o desempenho e a incidência de diarréia em leitões no período de 21 a 49 dias de idade. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de uma dieta basal e três dietas suplementadas com 0,78; 0,84; e 0,90% (21 a Effects of feeding organic acids for piglets from 21 to 49 days oldABSTRACT -The effects of feeding increasing dietary organic acids on performance and diahrrea incidencefor piglets from 21 to 49 days old were evaluated. The treatments were constituted of a basal diet and three groups supplemented with 0.78, 0.84 and 0.90% of organic acids in the 21 to 35 days period and 0.59, 0.63 and 0.66% in the 36 to 49 days period, basedoin lactic acid. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADWG), feed:gain ratio (F/G) and diarrhea scores were evaluated. The ADFI and the ADWG did not differ among the organic acids proportions in the evaluated periods. The FCR of piglets fed diet with 0.84% of organic acids was better than those fed basal and 0.90% diets, in the 21 to 35 days period.The piglets fed diet with 0.84% of organic acids showed lower diarrhea score than those fed 0.9 %. Blood samples were collected to dose lactic acid concentration in plasma of piglets at 35 days old. The plasma lactic acid concentration of the animals fed diet with 0.90% of acid increased 60.61% in relation to the basal diet. Bacterias were isolated from animals feces to microorganisms identification. The 0.84 and 0.63% organic acids proportion, in the period form 21 to 35 days and from 36 to 49 days old, respectively, were more efficient considering that the E. coli a-hemolytic and Streptococcus sp bacterias was not isolated. The 0.84% organic acids level in the piglet diets provide better F/G in the period from 21 to 35 days old and better diarrhea score and E. coli a-hemolytic and Streptococcus sp control supplementing 0.84% of acids in the period from 21 to 35 days old and 0.63% from 36 to 49 days.

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Avaliação de ácidos orgânicos em dietas para leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade

et al. 2006

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“…Risley et al (1991Risley et al ( , 1992, were unable to detect any change in pH or in the population of lactobacilli and E. coli along the entire gastrointestinal tract in weaned piglets fed either 1.5% fumaric or citric acid. Similar results were observed by .…”

Section: Organic Acids (Fermented Feed)mentioning

confidence: 90%

The impact of feed additives on the microbial ecology of the gut in young pigs

Jensen¹

1998

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

181

108

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The diverse collection of microorganisms colonising the healthy gastrointestinal tract of pigs, referred to as the microbiota, plays an essential role not only for the well-being of the animal, but also for animal nutrition and performance and for the quality of animal products. A number of naturally-occurring and artificial factors has been shown to affect the composition and activity of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs, these include: diet composition, growth promoting antibiotics, copper, use of probiotics, specific carbohydrates, organic acids and fermented feed.It is generally accepted that the microbiota in the small intestine competes with the host animal for easily digestible nutrients and at the same time produces toxic compounds. A pronounced microbial fermentation occurs in the stomach and small intestine in young piglets. Results have shown that approximately equal amounts of organic acids were produced in the three compartments: stomach, small intestine and large intestine. Further, experiments have shown that as much as 6% of the net energy in the pig diet could be lost due to microbial fermentation in the stomach and small intestine. On the other hand it has been shown that on a normal Danish pig diet, 16.4% of the total energy supply for the pig is achived from microbial fermentation in the large intestine. However, the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract is unstable the first week after weaning and it takes 2 to 3 weeks after weaning before the fermentation capacity of the microbiota in the hindgut has developed.Use of growth promoting antibiotics in the feed is widespread in pig production. However, the use of the antibiotics avoparcin and virginiamycin as growth promoters in animal feed has been associated with an increase in resistance of bacteria to therapeutic agents and a fear that this could reduce the ability to treat diseased humans. This has caused an increased awareness of the use of antibiotics and a general wish to reduce the use of antibiotic growth promoters.Probiotics, organic acids and specific carbohydrates (yeast cell walls) are often suggested as alternatives to the use of antibiotic growth promoters. However, due to their relative high prices and the variability and unpredictability of their effect, the use of these products is financially questionable in practical pig production. One way to solve this problem may be the use of fermented liquid feed. Fermented liquid feed is characterised by a high number of lactic acid bacteria, high number of yeast and high concentration of lactic acid, and several investigations has shown fermented liquid 46 FEED ADDITIVES AND MICROBIAL ECOLOGY IN GUT feed to improve growth performance in pigs and to established a prophylactic barrier against gastrointestinal disorders. In general there is no doubt that the effect of feed additives are greatest in young animals where they have been found to improve growth performance and to reduce scouring and neonatal mortality. The present paper review our current state ...

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“…Organic acids may be an alternative for improving growth performance when added to weanling pig diets (Falkowski and Aherne 1984;Giesting and Easter 1985;Risley et al 1991). Dietary supplementation with organic acids has been hypothesized to improve growth performance by reducing gastrointestinal pH and coliform numbers (Scipioni et al 1978;Kirchgessner and Roth 1982;Burnell et al 1988 (NVA) in the stomach (P < 0.001;P < 0.001), jejunum (P < 0.001; P < 0.01) and cecum (P < 0.01; P < 0.05) digesta, respectively, and a greater concentration (P < 0.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding organic acids on gastrointestinal digesta measurements at various times postweaning in pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Risley¹,

Kornegay²,

Lindemann³

et al. 1993

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 1993. Effect of feeding organic acids on gastrointestinal digesta measurements at various times postweaning inpigschallengedwithenterotoxigenicEscherichincoli.Can. J. Anim. Sci.73: 931-940.InStudy 1, pigs (n : 54) weaned at2l -l 2 dwere fed. a20% CP corn-soybean meal based diet only (control) or with l.5 % fumaric or 15% citric acid. One half of the pigs on each treatment were orally challenged on days 3,7 or 14 postweaning with 1010 E. coli (0157:K88+) to observe the effects on scouring and on intestinal digesta pH, Cl-concentration, VFA and non-volatile acid profiles, and microflora concentrations in the stomach, jejunum, cecum and lower colon when pigs were necropsied 5, 9 or 16 d postweaning. The E. coli challenge increased (P < 0.05) the severity of scouring. Organic acids had no appreciable effects on severity of scouring and intestinal measurements except for fumaric and succinicacidconcentrationswhichweregreaterinthestomach(P<0.001)andjejunum(P<0.05)of pigs fed fumaric acid. The E. coli challenge had no significant effect on pH, Cl concentration, and lactobacillus or E. coli concentrations, but did increase (P < 0.05) the concentration of lactic acid in the jejunum, and total VFA in the lower colon. From days 5 to 16 postweaning, pH decreased (P < 0.002) in the cecum, Cl concentration increased (P < 0.03) in the jejunum, lactobacillus counts decreased (P < 0.001) in thejejunum and increased (P < 0.004) in the lower co\on, and E. coli counts decreased in the jejunum (P < 0.07), cecum (P < 0.02) and lower colon (P < 0.001). In Study 2, pigs (n : 96) weaned at2l -t 2 d were similarly fed organic acids as in Study 1

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Effects of organic acids with and without a microbial culture on performance and gastrointestinal tract measurements of weanling pigs

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Avaliação de ácidos orgânicos em dietas para leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade

Avaliação de ácidos orgânicos em dietas para leitões de 21 a 49 dias de idade

The impact of feed additives on the microbial ecology of the gut in young pigs

Effect of feeding organic acids on gastrointestinal digesta measurements at various times postweaning in pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

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