Effects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Vascular Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Marques, Bianca Cristina; Klein, Márcia Regina Simas Torres; Cunha, Michelle Rabello; Mattos, Samanta de Souza; Nogueira, Lívia de Paula; Paula, Tainah de; Corrêa, Flávia Miranda; Oigman, Wille; Neves, Mário Fritsch

doi:10.1007/s40292-019-00355-z

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…There are few other studies examining the post-prandial effects of Mg. However chronic Mg supplementation for greater than 6 months has been shown to have a beneficial effect on FMD in individuals > 50 years or in overweight participants although overall there was no effect of Mg found in this meta-analysis [24].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross-Over Pilot Study

Murphy¹,

Byrne²,

Keogh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Magnesium (Mg) deficiency may be a catalyst in the process of endothelial dysfunction, an early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim was to determine the acute effect of an oral Mg supplement compared to control on endothelieal function assessed by flow-mediated-dilatation (FMD). Nineteen participants (39 years, body mass index (BMI) 22.9kg/m2) completed this randomised cross-over study. Blood pressure (BP) and FMD were measured and blood samples taken before participants drank 200ml water with or without an over the counter Mg supplement (450mg and 300mg for men and women). Measurements were repeated at 60 and 120 minutes. There was a statistically significant two-way interaction between treatment and time on serum Mg (p = .037). A difference of -0.085mm in FMD was observed 60 minutes post drink in the control group compared to baseline FMD, and no difference was observed in the supplement group compared to baseline. Despite the non-significant interaction between treatment and time on FMD, the difference seen in the control group and the lack of change in the supplement group at 60 minutes post-drink suggests that Mg may attenuate the reduction in FMD post-prandially.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross-Over Pilot Study

Murphy¹,

Byrne²,

Keogh³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, it is no surprise to find recommendations of increasing the consumption of magnesium to improve health. The scientific evidence backing up that recommendation is based on various randomized clinical trials in which magnesium supplements have been shown to improve several of the parameters analyzed, including plasma lipids, glycemic control, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory markers and endothelial function [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], among others. However, there are also other intervention studies that have detected no such improvements [34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

et al. 2020

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Several studies have shown that a low magnesium (Mg) intake in the diet is associated with greater cardiovascular risk and greater risk of diabetes. However, the results are not consistent in all populations. To minimize the biases derived from diet measurement, more objective biomarkers of magnesium status have been proposed. Although there is still no ideal biomarker for Mg, several studies have shown that plasma Mg concentrations could be a relatively acceptable biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment. However, further studies are required to better characterize this marker in different populations. Our aim was to analyze the association between plasma Mg concentrations (measured through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) methods, and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals from a general Mediterranean population (aged 18–80 years). The influence of demographic and lifestyle variables, including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, on plasma Mg concentrations was analyzed. The mean Mg level of the population studied was 0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (<0.70 mmol/L) being 18.6%. We did not find any statistically significant differences between plasma Mg concentrations and sex, age, tobacco smoking and total adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p > 0.05). We found a statistically significant association between plasma Mg concentrations and the prevalence of type-2 diabetes (0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L in non-diabetics versus 0.73 ± 0.13 mmol/L in diabetics; p = 0.009). Despite the low prevalence of type-2 diabetes in this population (11.24% in subjects with hypomagnesemia versus 3.91%, in normomagnesemia; p = 0.005), hypomagnesemia was associated with greater odds of being diabetic in comparison with normomagnesemia (OR = 3.36; p = 0.016, even after adjustment for sex, age, obesity, and medications). On the other hand, no statistically significant association of plasma Mg concentrations with obesity, hypertension, fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol or uric acid was found. However, in contrast to what was initially expected, a statistically significant association was found between plasma Mg concentrations (basically in the highest quartile) and greater total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results contribute to increasing the evidence gathered by numerous studies on the inverse association between hypomagnesemia and type-2 diabetes, as well as to the observation, previously reported in some studies, of a direct association with hypercholesterolemia. This paradoxical link should be deeply investigated in further studies.

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“…There were few other studies examining the post-prandial effects of Mg. However, chronic Mg supplementation for greater than 6 months was shown to have a beneficial effect on FMD in individuals >50 years or in overweight participants, although overall there was no effect of Mg found in this meta-analysis [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher dietary Mg intake and serum Mg concentrations are inversely associated with endothelial dysfunction and markers of inflammation [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. A recent meta-analysis suggests that chronic Mg supplementation over 6 months might improve FMD in overweight or older individuals [ 23 , 24 ]. However, this was not confirmed in a randomized placebo-controlled 24-week study with 350 mg of Mg in 52 overweight and obese subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomized Cross-Over Pilot Study

Murphy

Byrne

Keogh

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnesium (Mg) deficiency might be a catalyst in the process of endothelial dysfunction, an early event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the acute effect of an oral Mg supplement as compared to control on endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Nineteen participants (39 years, body mass index (BMI) 22.9 kg/m2) completed this randomized cross-over study. Blood pressure (BP) and FMD were measured and blood samples were taken before participants drank 200 mL water, with or without an over the counter Mg supplement (450 mg and 300 mg for men and women). Measurements were repeated at 60 and 120 min. There was a statistically significant two-way interaction between treatment and time on serum Mg (p = 0.037). A difference of −0.085 mm in FMD was observed 60-min post drink in the control group, as compared to baseline FMD, and no difference was observed in the supplement group as compared to baseline. Despite the non-significant interaction between treatment and time on FMD, once adjusted for baseline, the difference seen in the control group and the lack of change in the supplement group at 60 min post-drink suggests that Mg might attenuate the reduction in FMD post-prandially.

show abstract

Effects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Vascular Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 29 publications

References 52 publications

The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross-Over Pilot Study

The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross-Over Pilot Study

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

The Acute Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomized Cross-Over Pilot Study

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