Effects of Onion Yellow Dwarf and Leek Yellow Stripe Viruses on Symptomatology and Yield Loss of Three French Garlic Cultivars

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effect of two potyviruses, onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV), on the symptoms, growth, and potential yield loss of garlic (Allium sativum). For 2 consecutive years, the impact on leaf length, pseudostem diameter, and bulb weight was evaluated after mechanical inoculation of cultivars Messidrome, Germidour, and Printanor, the three main garlic cultivars grown in France. The reduction in bulb weight due to OYDV ranged from 39% for Germidour to about 60% for the two other cultivars. For LYSV, the reduction in bulb weight was less on Messidrome (17%) and Germidour (26%) than on Printanor (54%). Coinfection with both viruses further reduced growth and bulb weight. When cloves originating from bulbs infected by each virus alone or a mixture of both viruses were planted, results indicated that such chronic infection induced further yield reduction. An assay designed to evaluate the role of LYSV inoculation date on yield revealed that yield losses were the lowest for late-season infections. However, yield loss was greater than 30% when the inoculation was performed at the end of April, the time when natural contamination generally occurs in southern France. A comparison of the impact of mixed infections of OYDV and LYSV from different origins suggested that the isolates did not differ significantly in their effects on yield loss.

Evidence of a somatic embryogenesis process for plant regeneration in garlic ( Allium sativum L.)

“…The varieties of garlic are clones, and are all infected with various viruses amongst which two potyviruses, onion yellow dwarf (OYDV) and leek yellow stripe (LYSV), are prevalent (Walkey 1990;Van Dijk 1991;Conci et al 1992;Van Dijk 1993a, b;Barg et al 1994;Lot et al 1994) and considered as the most destructive. Each virus was shown to reduce bulb yield by 20-60% and up to 80% in case of mixed infection, depending on cultivar and stage of infection (Lot et al 1998).…”

Viruses Occurring in Onion Crop in Amasya Province, the Major Onion Producing Region in Turkey

“…For instance, only Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) can significantly reduce yields on onion and garlic, and yield losses as high as 25-54 % has been reported [5,8,13].…”

Improved PCR detection of potyviruses in Allium species

“…Among the potyviruses affecting Allium spp., Onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV) have been detected worldwide (Conci et al, 1992;Van Dijk, 1993;Barg et al, 1997;Tsuneyoshi et al, 1998b;Chen et al, 2001). These are the most important viruses in terms of the damage, with garlic bulb weight reduced between 24 and 60% for OYDV and between 17 and 54% for LYSV (Canavelli et al, 1998;Lot et al, 1998). Shallot yellow stripe virus (SYSV) and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) have less frequently been reported in Allium spp.…”