Effects of Obesity and Family History of Diabetes on the Association ofCETPrs6499861 with HDL-C Level in Korean Populations

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the associations of cholesterol ester transfer protein ( CETP ) rs6499861 and rs12708980 with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) considering obesity and family history of diabetes (FHD) in Korean men and women. Methods We analyzed the association of CETP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with HDL-C among individuals selected from a hospital (n=4 294) and the Bundang-gu area in Korea (n=2 304). Results We found that the CETP SNP rs6499861 was associated with a lower HDL-C level (effect per allele: −2.044 mg/dL, p <0.0001). Individuals with a rs6499861 CG/GG genotype had a 1.45-fold higher risk of an abnormal level of HDL-C (<40 mg/dL) than those with a CC genotype. This genotype-HDL-C association was stronger in women (odds ratio [OR], 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–2.85) compared with men (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.10–1.61) and in women with a FHD (OR, 4.82; 95% CI, 1.86–12.5; p =0.0012) compared with women without a family history. Relative to individuals with a CC genotype and body mass index (BMI) <25.69 kg/m 2 , individuals with a CG/GG genotype and BMI ≥25.69 kg/m 2 had an OR (95% CI) of 2.61 (1.97–3.47). Conclusions These findings indicate that CETP variants are linked to HDL-C level in Koreans and that this link is stronger in obese men and in women who have a FHD.

The Incidence of Adult Obesity is Associated with Parental and Adolescent Histories of Obesity in North Sumatra, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Previous research only assigned a relationship between the likelihood of a person being obese based on a history of obesity in parents but did not differentiate between men and women. 19 , 20 , 25 , 30 …”

“…Previous research has shown that parental obesity is a predictor of childhood overweight. 20,[25][26][27] The family risk ratio contributing to childhood obesity is when one parent reaches >2.5. 5,17 Birth weight is characterized by 30% genetic heritability; this effect is significant, based on the genetic influences of the mother and father.…”

“…Previous research only assigned a relationship between the likelihood of a person being obese based on a history of obesity in parents but did not differentiate between men and women. 19,20,25,30 Furthermore, the obesity gene is influenced by an obesogenic environment; however, most critical is the parents' role in passing on the obesity gene and raising the child in an obesogenic environment until they enter adolescence. If obesity develops in adolescence, the likelihood of becoming obese in adulthood will be greater.…”

“…4,[14][15][16] In addition to a history of obesity in adolescence, the obesity gene inherited by parents is closely related to the likelihood of a person being obese compared with adolescents who have parents with a history of being a normal weight. [17][18][19][20] Previous research reported that there is an influence of maternal obesity on dietary fat intake in children, suggesting that mothers may contribute to the development of obesity in children by influencing their dietary fat intake. 4 This research also explored how dietary fat intakes contribute to obesity in boys, independent of physical activity energy expenditure.…”

Sex Differences in Neuropeptide Y Serum, But Not in Fat Intake and Body Mass Index

“…Family history of obesity or metabolic disease played an important role, especially in childhood, as it was associated with obesity 32,33 . Multifactorial lifestyles that provide an availability to consume high-fat or high-carbohydrate foods, encourage a lack of physical activity, breakfast habits, or genetic polymorphisms, were independent of high and low levels of neuropeptide Y released by the hypothalamus 32,[34][35][36] . All conditions are related to obesity and mostly impacted children entering adulthood.…”