Effects of Nordic Walking on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Lipid Profile in Elderly Women

Song, Min Jong; Yoo, Yong Kwon; Choi, Chang-Won; Kim, Nam Cho

doi:10.1016/j.anr.2012.11.001

Cited by 54 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Similar results were obtained by South Korean scientists who analyzed changes in body composition among three groups of elderly women (NW group, normal walking group, and CG) after practice of three times a week (60 min long) over a 12-week study period 32. In this study, the NW and normal walking groups showed significant changes in SM ( P <0.001 in both groups), in contrast to the results obtained for the CG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of short-term Nordic walking training on sarcopenia-related parameters in women with low bone mass: a preliminary study

Ossowski¹,

Skrobot²,

Aschenbrenner³

et al. 2016

CIA

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BackgroundSeveral studies have demonstrated the positive effects of physical activity on skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength in women with osteoporosis. However, the impact of Nordic walking training on sarcopenia-related parameters in women with low bone mass remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of 12 weeks of Nordic walking training on skeletal muscle index, muscle strength, functional mobility, and functional performance in women with low bone mass.Materials and methodsThe participants were 45 women, aged 63–79 years, with osteopenia or osteoporosis. The subjects were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (12 weeks of Nordic walking training, three times a week) or to a control group. Skeletal muscle mass and other body composition factors were measured with octapolar bioimpedance InBody 720 analyser. Knee extensor and flexor isometric muscle strength were measured using Biodex System 4 Pro™ dynamometers. This study also used a SAEHAN Digital Hand Dynamometer to measure handgrip muscle strength. The timed up-and-go test was used to measure functional mobility, and the 6-minute walk test was used to measure functional performance.ResultsShort-term Nordic walking training induced a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass (P=0.007), skeletal muscle index (P=0.007), strength index of the knee extensor (P=0.016), flexor (P<0.001), functional mobility (P<0.001), and functional performance (P<0.001) and a significant decrease in body mass (P=0<006), body mass index (P<0.001), and percent body fat (P<0.001) in participants. Regarding handgrip muscle strength, no improvement was registered (P=0.315). No significant changes in any of the analyzed parameters were observed in the control group.ConclusionOverall, short-term Nordic walking training induces positive changes in knee muscle strength and functional performance in women with low bone mass. This finding could be applied in clinical practice for intervention programs in women with osteopenia and osteoporosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of short-term Nordic walking training on sarcopenia-related parameters in women with low bone mass: a preliminary study

Ossowski¹,

Skrobot²,

Aschenbrenner³

et al. 2016

CIA

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“…Further analysis showed that the training undergone by the subjects had a statistically significant influence on decreasing BM (−1.27%), as opposed to the findings for the non-active women from the CG. Our results confirm the findings presented by South Korean scientists [28], who examined changes in body composition in three groups (Nordic walking, normal walking, and control) after the two walking groups practised walking 3 times a week, for 60 minutes, during a 12-week period. In this study, there was a significant difference in the weight of the Nordic walking group before and after the training period, which amounted to −1.67%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Influence of Nordic Walking Training on Muscle Strength and the Electromyographic Activity of the Lower Body in Women With Low Bone Mass

Ossowski

Liedtke

Siemieniuk

et al. 2016

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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Introduction. Osteoporosis and osteopenia are related to changes in the quantity and quality of skeletal muscle and contribute to a decreased level of muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Nordic walking training on muscle strength and the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the lower body in women with low bone mass. Material and methods. The participants of the study were 27 women with low bone mass. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: a control group and an experimental group. Women from the experimental group participated in 12 weeks of regular Nordic walking training. Functional strength was assessed with a 30-second chair stand test. The EMG activities of the gluteus maximus (GMax), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), soleus (SOL), and lumbar (LB) muscles were measured using a surface electromyogram. Results. Nordic walking training induced a significant increase in the functional strength (p = 0.006) of the lower body and activity of GMax (p = 0.013) and a decrease in body mass (p = 0.006) in women with reduced bone mass. There was no statistically significant increase in the EMG activities of the RF, BF, SOL, or LB muscles. The study did not indicate any significant changes in functional muscle strength, the EMG activity of the lower body, or anthropometry in women from the control group. Conclusions. Nordic walking training induces positive changes in lower body strength and the electromyographic activity of the gluteus maximus as well as a decrease in body mass in women with low bone mass.

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“…These adaptations from walking interventions should test if an improvement in the metabolic economy of walking [6,8] is accompanied by enhanced pendular mechanism [9] or due to an increase in self-selected walking speed of the elderly [10][11][12]. Recently, studies with Nordic walking (NW) training have been carried out in older adults [6,8,[13][14][15][16][17][18]. NW is defined as walking with poles, and it is also considered as a physical activity for adults and older people [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nordic walking training in elderly, a randomized clinical trial. Part II: Biomechanical and metabolic adaptations

et al. 2020

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Background: Nordic walking is an attractive method of endurance training. Nevertheless, the biomechanic response due to the additional contribution of using poles in relation to free walking training has been less explored in the elderly. Purpose: This randomized parallel controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of 8 weeks of Nordic walking and free walking training on the walking economy, mechanical work, metabolically optimal speed, and electromyographic activation in elderly. Methods: Thirty-three sedentary elderly were randomized into Nordic walking (n = 16) and free walking group (n = 17) with equalized loads. Submaximal walking tests were performed from 1 to 5 km h −1 on the treadmill.Results: Walking economy was improved in both free and Nordic walking groups (x 2 4.91, p = 0.014) and the metabolically optimal speed was increased by approximately 0.5 km h −1 changing the speed-cost profile. The electromyographic activation in lower and upper limbs, pendular recovery, and total, external, and internal mechanical work remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Interestingly, the internal mechanical work associated with arm movement was higher in the Nordic walking group than in the free walking group after training, while the co-contraction from upper limb muscles was reduced similarly to both groups.Conclusions: Eight weeks of Nordic walking training effectively improved the walking economy and functionality as well as maintained the gait mechanics, similar to free walking training in elderly people. This enhancement in the metabolic economy may have been mediated by a reduction in the co-contraction from upper limb muscles. Trial registration: ClinicalTrails.gov NCT03096964

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Effects of Nordic Walking on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Lipid Profile in Elderly Women

Abstract: The results indicate that Nordic walking was more effective than normal walking in improving upper extremity strength.

Cited by 54 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of short-term Nordic walking training on sarcopenia-related parameters in women with low bone mass: a preliminary study

Effects of short-term Nordic walking training on sarcopenia-related parameters in women with low bone mass: a preliminary study

Influence of Nordic Walking Training on Muscle Strength and the Electromyographic Activity of the Lower Body in Women With Low Bone Mass

Nordic walking training in elderly, a randomized clinical trial. Part II: Biomechanical and metabolic adaptations

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