Effects of nonesterified fatty acids on the synthesis and assembly of very low density lipoprotein in bovine hepatocytes in vitro

Liu, Lei; Li, Xinwei; Yu, Li; Guan, Yuan; Song, Yuxiang; Yin, Liheng; Chen, Hui; Lei, Liancheng; Liu, Juxiong; Wang, Zhe; Yang, Xiaoyu

doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6654

Cited by 47 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…During negative energy balance, plasma TG content was higher in fat‐tailed comparing to thin‐tailed lambs; hence, expression of DGAT1 and APOB was expected to be higher in liver of fat‐tailed lambs; however, there was no changes in DGAT1 and APOB expression affected by genotype, energy balance and their interaction. In vitro incubation of bovine hepatocyte with incremental concentrations of NEFA caused a dose‐dependent reduction in APOB gene expression (Liu et al, ); however, the level of NEFA in their study was considerably higher than those observed in current study. 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA synthase 2 catalyses the first reaction of ketogenesis which provides fuel for tissues during negative energy balance.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Expression of genes related to liver fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs during negative and positive energy balances

Bahnamiri

Ganjkhanlou

Zali

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Fat-tailed sheep breeds can tolerate periods of negative energy balance without suffering from elevated concentration of plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA). This ability was attributed to unique metabolism of fat-tailed adipose depot, whereas role of liver as an influential organ in fatty acid metabolism was not evaluated yet. Hence, current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of negative and positive energy balances on liver expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism in fat-tailed and thin-tailed lambs. Lambs experienced negative (21 days) and positive (21 days) energy balances and were slaughtered at the beginning and end of negative energy balance and at the end of positive energy balance. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-Q-PCR) was conducted to evaluate changes in gene expression.Expression of diglyceride acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (HMGCS2) and apolipoprotein B (APOB) was not affected by genotype, energy balance and their interaction. Expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) was significantly higher in liver of fat-tailed comparing to thin-tailed lambs regardless of energy balance (p < 0.02). Catalase mRNA abundance was increased in response to negative energy balance (p < 0.02), and severity of this enhancement was higher in fat-tailed lambs (p < 0.06). Expression of CPT1 was positively correlated with expression of HMGCS2 in both fat-tailed (p < 0.05) and thin-tailed lambs (p < 0.002); however, the correlation was weaker in fat-tailed lambs (0.72 vs. 0.57, respectively, for thin-tailed and fat-tailed lambs). There was a positive correlation between DGAT1 and APOB genes expression in fat-tailed lambs (0.94; p < 0.001), whereas this correlation was not observed in thin-tailed lambs. Results demonstrate that liver of fat-tailed lambs has higher capacity for metabolism of mobilized NEFA exposed to liver during negative energy balance. K E Y W O R D Sfat mobilization, fat-tailed lambs, fatty acid metabolism, liver genes expression, negative energy balance

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 71%

Expression of genes related to liver fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs during negative and positive energy balances

Bahnamiri

Ganjkhanlou

Zali

et al. 2018

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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“…The primary hepatocytes were isolated and cultured using a two‐step perfusion method as previously described (Liu et al, ). Briefly, a scalpel was used to obtain the caudate lobe of the liver from a Holstein calf (1‐day‐old, female) that was anesthetized with thiamylal sodium under sterile conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The perinatal dairy cows often displayed negative energy balance (NEB) that was induced by a low intake of dry matter and an increased demand for energy to support milk production (Itle, Huzzey, Weary, & Von Keyserlingk, ). Excessive NEB initiated fat mobilization and a subsequent increase in the blood concentrations of non‐esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetate [AA] and β‐hydroxybutyrate [BHBA]) (Liu et al, ). Therefore, ketosis occurred mainly in the perinatal cows with severe NEB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetoacetate induces hepatocytes apoptosis by the ROS‐mediated MAPKs pathway in ketotic cows

Shi

Peng

et al. 2017

Journal Cellular Physiology

Self Cite

141

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Dairy cows with ketosis are characterized by oxidative stress, hepatic damage, and hyperketonemia. Acetoacetate (AA) is the main component of ketone bodies in ketotic cows, and is associated with the above pathological process. However, the potential mechanism was not illuminated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of AA-induced hepatic oxidative damage in ketotic cows. Compared with healthy cows, ketotic cows exhibited severe oxidative stress and hepatic damage. Moreover, the extent of hepatic damage and oxidative stress had a positive relationship with the AA levels. In vitro, AA treatment increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and further induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of bovine hepatocytes. In this process, AA treatment increased the phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38MAPK and decreased the phosphorylation level of ERK, which could increase p53 and inhibit nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression, nuclear localization, and DNA-binding affinity, thereby inducing the overexpression of pro-apoptotic molecules Bax, Caspase 3, Caspase 9, PARP and inhibition of anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment or interference of MAPKs pathway could attenuate the hepatocytes apoptosis induced by AA. Collectively, these results indicate that AA triggers hepatocytes apoptosis via the ROS-mediated MAPKs pathway in ketotic cows.

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“…Vazquez-Añon et al (1994) similarly observed that elevated NEFA on d 1 was strongly related to hepatic triglyceride accumulation, and Strang et al (1998) observed a linear increase in triglyceride content in hepatocytes incubated in vitro with increasing levels of NEFA. This would lead to increased hepatic fatty acid metabolism and greater stored triglyceride in the liver, as Liu et al (2014) observed decreased gene expression of key enzymes involved in VLDL export for hepatocytes that were incubated in vitro with increasing concentrations of NEFA. Postpartum liver triglyceride content on both d 1 and 21 were also positively correlated with postpartum BHBA AUC, indicating that perhaps as VLDL export is overwhelmed and stored triglycerides accumulate in the liver, there is an increase in the partial oxidation of fatty acids to ketone bodies.…”

Section: Hepatic Glycogen and Triglyceride Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between hepatic metabolism of propionate and palmitate in liver slices from transition dairy cows

McCarthy

Piepenbrink

Overton

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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Multiparous Holstein cows (n=95) were used to evaluate changes in hepatic propionate and palmitate metabolism and liver composition over time during the transition period, along with the relationships of these variables with cumulative increases in nonesterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate during the periparturient period. Data from 3 previous experiments were used to address the study objectives, accounting for a total of 95 multiparous Holstein cows. Liver slices from biopsies on d -21, 1, and 21 relative to parturition were used to determine conversion of [1-(14)C]palmitate to CO2 and esterified products (EP) and the conversion of [1-(14)C]propionate to CO2 and glucose. Hepatic glycogen content was highest on d -21 and was 26.9 and 36.5% of prepartum values on d 1 and 21, respectively. Liver triglyceride content was lowest at d -21 and was 271 and 446% of prepartum values on d 1 and 21, respectively. We detected no difference in the capacity for the liver to oxidize [1-(14)C]palmitate to CO2 between d -21 and d 1; however, on d 21, oxidation was 84% of prepartum values. The capacity of the liver to convert [1-(14)C]palmitate to EP was 148 and 139% of prepartum values on d 1 and 21, respectively. The capacity of liver to convert [1-(14)C]propionate to CO2 was 127 and 83% of prepartum values on d 1 and 21, and the capacity of liver to convert [1-(14)C]propionate to glucose was 126 and 85% of prepartum values on d 1 and 21, respectively. Correlation relationships suggest that overall, cows with elevated prepartum liver triglyceride content had elevated triglycerides throughout the transition period along with increased [1-(14)C]palmitate oxidation and conversion to EP and a decreased propensity to convert [1-(14)C]propionate to glucose. Cows with increased [1-(14)C]propionate oxidation had increased conversion of [1-(14)C]propionate to glucose throughout the transition period. Overall, conditions that lead to impairments in fatty acid metabolism during the transition period appear to be associated with impaired postpartum hepatic propionate metabolism.

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Effects of nonesterified fatty acids on the synthesis and assembly of very low density lipoprotein in bovine hepatocytes in vitro

Cited by 47 publications

References 28 publications

Expression of genes related to liver fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs during negative and positive energy balances

Expression of genes related to liver fatty acid metabolism in fat‐tailed and thin‐tailed lambs during negative and positive energy balances

Acetoacetate induces hepatocytes apoptosis by the ROS‐mediated MAPKs pathway in ketotic cows

Associations between hepatic metabolism of propionate and palmitate in liver slices from transition dairy cows

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