Effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields on flora and fauna, part 1. Rising ambient EMF levels in the environment

Levitt, B Blake; Lai, Henry; Manville, Albert M.

doi:10.1515/reveh-2021-0026

Cited by 32 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…Living organisms are very sensitive to changes in their environment and also react to the presence of or changes in the electromagnetic field. Several authors have studied the Life 2022, 12, 884 2 of 11 impact of an EMF on different types of organisms, ranging from bacteria to invertebrates and vertebrates [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Currently, it is a known fact that mobile phones affect living organisms [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotor Activity of Ixodes ricinus Females in 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field

Vargová

Majláth

Kurimský

et al. 2022

Life

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Mobile telecommunications technologies have become an indispensable part of people’s lives of all ages around the world. They affect personal life and social interactions and are a work tool in the work routine. Network availability requirements and the quality of the Internet connection are constantly increasing, to which telecommunications providers are responding. Humans and wildlife live in the permanent presence of electromagnetic radiation with just a minor knowledge of the impact this radiation has. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of a 900 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) on the locomotor behavior of female Ixodes ricinus ticks under laboratory conditions. Experiments were performed in the radiation-shielded tube (RST) test and radiation-shielded circular open-field arena placed in an anechoic chamber. Altogether, 480 female I. ricinus ticks were tested. In the RST arena, no differences in preference for irradiated and shielded parts of experimental modules were observed; in the open-field arena, the time spent and the trajectory passed was significantly longer in the part exposed to the EMF.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotor Activity of Ixodes ricinus Females in 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field

Vargová

Majláth

Kurimský

et al. 2022

Life

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“…In addition, there have been extensive EMF wildlife reviews published between 2003 and 2021 (10-22). Recently, Levitt et al (23)(24)(25) extrapolated to broad ecosystem level effects for the first time, including extensive tables that match rising ambient levels to effects seen at vanishingly low intensities now common in the environment as chronic exposures, and offer policy recommendations based on existing environmental laws.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measured rising EMF levels in ambient environments (23) certainly elevate concerns, especially with 5G on the horizon using higher frequencies and novel signal characteristics/waveforms that are capable of affecting insects in particular with implications for the entire biome as discussed below. 5G is now increasing as a network platform in many places even as we are trying to figure out how to measure and distinguish its wideband signals from the larger scheme of 3-4G LTE networks with which it interacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-level EMF effects on wildlife and plants: What research tells us about an ecosystem approach

Levitt¹,

Lai²,

Manville³

2022

Front. Public Health

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There is enough evidence to indicate we may be damaging non-human species at ecosystem and biosphere levels across all taxa from rising background levels of anthropogenic non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (EMF) from 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The focus of this Perspective paper is on the unique physiology of non-human species, their extraordinary sensitivity to both natural and anthropogenic EMF, and the likelihood that artificial EMF in the static, extremely low frequency (ELF) and radiofrequency (RF) ranges of the non-ionizing electromagnetic spectrum are capable at very low intensities of adversely affecting both fauna and flora in all species studied. Any existing exposure standards are for humans only; wildlife is unprotected, including within the safety margins of existing guidelines, which are inappropriate for trans-species sensitivities and different non-human physiology. Mechanistic, genotoxic, and potential ecosystem effects are discussed.

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“…Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) in the environment is becoming more and more intense, and the effect of EMR on organisms has always been the focus of attention. − With the development of the fifth-generation (5G) communication technology in recent years, a large number of base stations cover most of the living space. A microwave is used as an electromagnetic wave in 5G communication, and the current safety standards for microwave radiation (MWR) are based on the thermal effect of microwaves. , In general, the electromagnetic radiation in the environment belongs to the weak electromagnetic intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Research of Spatial Orientation and Kinetic Energy of Active Site Collision of Carnosine under Weak Microwave Irradiation

et al. 2022

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The molecular mechanism of the microwave nonthermal effect is still not clear. This work investigated the spatial orientation and kinetic energy of active site collision of carnosine, a natural bioactive dipeptide, under the weak microwave irradiation using the molecular dynamics simulation. Our results showed the influences of the temperature, microwave intensity, microwave frequency, and microwave polarization mode (linear polarization and circular polarization) on the spatial orientation and kinetic energy of active site collision of carnosine. First, under the constant intensity and frequency of linear polarization microwave irradiation, the increment of the collision probability between the 6N atom of carnosine and the 28H atom of the other carnosine at effective space angle decreases from 85.0% to 3.5% with increasing temperature. Second, with the increase of microwave intensity, the change of spatial orientation and kinetic energy becomes more and more significant. However, the change of circular polarization microwaves on the spatial orientation and kinetic energy of collision is weaker than that of linear polarization. Third, under the constant intensity of linear polarization microwave irradiation, the collision probability between the 6N atom and the 28H atom at effective space angle decreases from 70.2% to 14.7% with increasing frequency. Finally, under the microwave polarization, the spatial orientation and kinetic energy of molecular collision are changed, which is summarized as the microwave postpolarization effect (MWPPE). The dependence of MWPPE on temperature, microwave intensity, microwave frequency, and polarization mode is very complicated. In the end, this effect can provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of the microwave nonthermal effect.

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Effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields on flora and fauna, part 1. Rising ambient EMF levels in the environment

Cited by 32 publications

References 211 publications

Locomotor Activity of Ixodes ricinus Females in 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field

Locomotor Activity of Ixodes ricinus Females in 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field

Low-level EMF effects on wildlife and plants: What research tells us about an ecosystem approach

Molecular Dynamics Research of Spatial Orientation and Kinetic Energy of Active Site Collision of Carnosine under Weak Microwave Irradiation

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