“…Large delay ripple amplitude can cause intersymbol interference resulting in a system eyeopening penalty, 4 whereas the delay ripple period, when it is large compared with the signal bandwidth, can result in device dispersion that varies with wavelength. 4,5 Several apodization techniques have been developed that are dynamic in nature, such as double-UV exposure 2,6 and phase-mask dithering, 7 or are static, such as variable-diffraction-efficiency phase masks. 8 These techniques ensure that the total average UV exposure along the length of the FBG device is kept constant.…”