Effects of nitrogen application rate and hill density on rice yield and nitrogen utilization in sodic saline–alkaline paddy fields

Guo, Xiaohong; Lan, Yuchen; Xu, Liu; Yin, Dawei; Li, Hongyu; Yong-de, Qian; Zheng, Guangmei; Lü, Yan-dong

doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(20)63479-7

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although treatment N4–HD3 (NAR, 180 kg ha −1 ; hill distance, 10 cm) presented the highest dry matter conversion rate of the leaves and sheaths, the DMA of treatment N4–HD3 was lower than that of treatment N3–HD3 during the grain‐filling period, which resulted in low DMA of rice plants in treatment N4–HD3, accelerated leaf senescence, and was not conducive to photosynthesis after the FHS, resulting in low yield. Previous studies also confirmed that the yield of treatment N3–HD3 (NAR, 150 kg ha −1 ; hill distance, 10 cm) was the highest, while the yield decreased when the NAR was more than 150 kg ha −1 at the same hill distance (Guo et al., 2021). The above results are consistent with those of Fang et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…A previous study showed that, when the NAR was 0–180 kg ha −1 , rice yield increased as HD decreased, and when the NAR was 150 kg ha −1 and the row and hill spacing configuration was 30 by 10 cm, yield was the highest. The main reason for the increase was a significant increase in panicles per square meter (Guo et al., 2021). In this study, when the NAR was below 150 kg ha −1 , decreasing HD effectively increased the percentage of productive tillers, and there was a significant positive correlation between the percentage of productive tillers and rice yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When NAR was 150 kg ha −1 and HD was 10 cm, rice yield was the highest, reaching 8,409.2 kg ha −1 . When NAR was more than 150 kg ha −1 , rice yield decreased (Guo et al., 2021). However, the effects of NAR and HD on DMA and transport in the key growth period of rice are still unclear–particularly the relationship between DMA and yield–under the unique climatic and soil conditions of the rice‐growing region of the Songnen Plain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing nitrogen rate and hill distance improves rice dry matter production in saline–alkali soils

Lan

et al. 2021

Agronomy Journal

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The integrated strategies for nitrogen management and planting density are important for improving rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield in saline-alkali soil; however, the optimal growth conditions for the Songnen Plain, China, are unclear. Here, we studied the effects of nitrogen application rate (NAR) (N0, 0 kg ha −1 ; N1, 90 kg ha −1 ; N2, 120 kg ha −1 ; N3, 150 kg ha −1 ; N4, 180 kg ha −1 ) and hill distance (HD) (HD1, 16.5 cm; HD2, 13.3 cm; HD3, 10 cm) on rice dry matter accumulation, translocation, and photosynthetic production in a split-plot experiment. At NARs below 120 kg ha −1 , the number of effective tillers increased significantly with increasing NAR and decreasing HD. The leaf area index (LAI) increased as the NAR increased and HD decreased and was the highest in the N4-HD3 treatment, followed by N3-HD3, at the full-heading stage. However, dry matter accumulation from the fullheading to the maturity stage was the highest in the N3-HD3 treatment. The population growth rate in N3-HD3 was the highest from the full-heading stage to the maximum grain-filling stage, at 26.46 g m −2 d −1 . The high rice yield under N3-HD3 conditions was attributed to the high dry matter accumulation after the full-heading stage and the high sheath output rate. This study revealed that treatment N3-HD3 resulted in high yield, from the perspective of photosynthetic matter production. INTRODUCTIONSoil salinity is an important limiting factor in agricultural production, currently affecting approximately 20% of the global arable land (Xia et al., 2019). China is one of the most seriously affected countries in the world, with large areas of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing nitrogen rate and hill distance improves rice dry matter production in saline–alkali soils

Lan

et al. 2021

Agronomy Journal

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“…Recent studies generally showed that the yield of different types of rice increased first and then decreased with the decrease in density [28,29], and dense planting and thin planting will cause different degrees of yield reduction. In terms of the response of yield components to density, many scholars believe that panicles of rice decrease significantly with decreased planting density, and the spikelets per panicle increased significantly [10,[30][31][32], and the 1000-grain weight was less affected. However, there were different conclusions about the effect of planting density on filled-grain percentage.…”

Section: Effects Of Planting Geometry On Grain Yield Photosynthetic M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mechanical Transplanting Methods and Planting Geometry on Yield Formation and Canopy Structure of Indica Rice under Rice-Crayfish Rotation

Dou

Guo

et al. 2022

Agriculture

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The rice–crayfish continuous production system developed rapidly due to its high economic benefits and eco-friendly nature in China. This study explored the effects of mechanically transplanted methods and planting geometry on the relationship between rice yield and canopy structure, under rice-crayfish rotation using excellent-quality indica rice, and carried out in 2018 and 2019. Three mechanical transplantation methods were set as follows: carpet seedlings mechanically transplanted with 30 cm equal row spacing (CMTE), pot seedlings mechanically transplanted with narrow row spacing with alternating 23 cm/33 cm wide row spacing (PMTWN), and equal row spacing at 28 cm (PMTE). Different plant spacings (CMTE1-CMTE6, PMTWN1-PMTWN6, PMTE3, and PMTE4) were set in accordance with different mechanical transplanting methods. CMTE and PMTWN both included six transplanting densities, while PMTE included 2 transplanting densities. Results showed that rice yield was improved by 2.87–6.59% under PMTWN when compared to CMTE, which was mainly due to the increase in spikelets per panicle and filled-grain percentage. Dry matter accumulation was increased and larger leaf area indexes were observed under PMTWN than CMTE at the rice main growth stage. Yield of CMTE and PMTWN treatments increased at first and then declined with decreased planting density. Under suitable planting density, PMTWN could optimize rice population structure and increase rice yield compared with PMTE. For tested rice variety, pot seedlings were mechanically transplanted alternating alternating 23 cm/33 cm wide row spacing, combined with a plant spacing of 16.8 cm, was proper for its yield improvement under rice-crayfish rotation.

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“…The salt in soil is not discharged [20], and the dynamic effects of irrigation and strong evaporation during the growth period can lead to secondary salinization of soil, aggravating the degree of soil salinization in farmland [21]. Farmland salinization is a worldwide problem, and the salinization of soil in Xinjiang has always restricted the efficient development of oasis agriculture, and the management and improvement of saline-alkali land has been a focus of attention by experts and scholars at home and abroad [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Periodic Winter Irrigation on Salt Distribution Characteristics and Cotton Yield in Drip Irrigation under Plastic Film in Xinjiang

Feng

Liu

Wang

et al. 2021

Water

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Winter irrigation is an effective means of salt leaching, but the long-term effect on salinity is unclear. In 2008–2019, three different soil types of farmlands were selected as the study area by drip irrigation under film mulch combined with periodic winter irrigation in the non-growth period. The salinity of 0–150 cm as well as the survival rate and yield of cotton in the non-growth and growth periods were monitored, respectively. The mass fraction of soil salt decreased rapidly under winter irrigation, and then, the salt content in each observation layer increased with years of cultivation. After 10 years of application, the soil salt content basically stabilized at a low level. In 2008, the salinity of the 0–150 cm observation layer of loamy clay, loam, and sandy loam varied within 6–60, 10–65, and 4–22 g·kg−1; after four winter irrigations in 2019, corresponding values dropped below 5.74, 3, and 4.76 g·kg−1, respectively. The salinity returns rate of the different observation layers all exceeded 40%. The desalination rate of the different soils after four winter irrigations all exceeded 63.52%. Cotton survival rate and yield in different soils were directly proportional to each other. After the second winter irrigation, the survival rates on the different soils all exceeded 60%. The results of this study can provide technical support for the sustainable development of different types of soil, farmers’ income increase, and salinization land improvement.

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Effects of nitrogen application rate and hill density on rice yield and nitrogen utilization in sodic saline–alkaline paddy fields

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

Reducing nitrogen rate and hill distance improves rice dry matter production in saline–alkali soils

Reducing nitrogen rate and hill distance improves rice dry matter production in saline–alkali soils

Effects of Mechanical Transplanting Methods and Planting Geometry on Yield Formation and Canopy Structure of Indica Rice under Rice-Crayfish Rotation

Effect of Periodic Winter Irrigation on Salt Distribution Characteristics and Cotton Yield in Drip Irrigation under Plastic Film in Xinjiang

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