Effects of Nitrogen Application on the Development and Accumulation of Protein Bodies in Developing Rice Seed

Zakaria, Sabaruddin; Matsuda, Toshiaki; Nitta, Youji

doi:10.1626/pps.3.84

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It was found that N application can enhance the accumulation of protein bodies in the lateral part and central part of grains, thus occupying the space between unpacked starch granules (Leesawatwong et al 2005;Zakaria et al 2000). These findings in combination with our SEM images indicate that the suppressing effect of N on WBRK could be partially attributed to the complete accumulation of protein bodies that can fill the air spaces between starch granules.…”

Section: N Effect On Grain Yieldsupporting

confidence: 72%

Occurrence of perfect and imperfect grains of six japonica rice cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilization

et al. 2011

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This study aims to quantify nitrogen (N) effect on occurrence of perfect rice kernel (PRK) and imperfect grains which includes white-belly rice kernel (WBRK), white-core rice kernel (WCRK), green rice kernel (GRK), opaque rice kernel (ORK), and other imperfect grains (OTHERS). Two-year field experiments involving six japonica rice cultivars and seven N treatments were performed. The structural differences between white-belly and white-core tissues were compared using scanning electron microscope. Averaged over cultivars, grain yield increased progressively with N rate. PRK increased with N rate in 2008, but decreased with increased N rate in 2009. WBRK and WCRK decreased as N rate increased for both years. High N input resulted in higher occurrence of GRK and OTHERS for both years. Most starch granules in white-belly tissues are intact and surrounded by globular protein bodies, with many air spaces between them; while in white-core tissues, starch granules are easily broken into many single granules and no protein bodies are visible. Our results suggest that N has suppressing influence on chalky grains but favorable effect on other imperfect grains, and indicate different mechanism between WBRK and WCRK.

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Section: N Effect On Grain Yieldsupporting

confidence: 72%

Occurrence of perfect and imperfect grains of six japonica rice cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilization

et al. 2011

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“…Therefore, the results of the internal structure of rice grains by scanning electron microscopic observation revealed many protein bodies and their traces in amyloplasts of chemical fertilizer treatment. Leesawatwong, Jamjod, Kuo, Dell and Rerkasem (2005) and Zakaria, Matsuda and Nitta (2000) reported that high nitrogen application can increase protein bodies in grain. Hayakawa, Seo and Igaue (1980) reported that traces (pits) formed by removal of protein bodies from starch granules and amyloplasts.…”

Section: Grain Quality and Starch Accumulation Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological analysis on comparison of organic and chemical fertilizers on grain quality of rice at different planting densities

Kakar

Nitta

Asagi

et al. 2019

Plant Production Science

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Effects of organic (Italian ryegrass and Bokashi) and chemical fertilizer on growth, yield, and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were compared under different planting densities in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. Italian ryegrass was incorporated into the soil as green manure. Bokashi (a mixture of organic materials) was applied as basal dressing. To measure yield and its components, 30 hills were chosen for each treatment. Rice grains were harvested from each treatment to assess the grain quality and to evaluate accumulation structures using a scanning electron microscope. Bokashi treatment increased panicle number per hill, ripened grain percentage, panicle number per m 2 , and grain yield compared to no fertilizer treatment at normal planting density. Chemical fertilizer treatment increased plant length at high planting density. Italian ryegrass and Bokashi treatments promoted the taste point (taste score as reference) by reduction of amylose and protein contents at normal planting density in contrast to chemical fertilizer. 1000-grain weight, panicle number per m 2 , and grain yield were higher at high planting density than at normal planting density. However, high planting density decreased panicle number per hill and spikelet number per panicle. It also enhanced the amylose content of rice grain. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that chemical fertilizer treatment marked up protein bodies and their traces on amyloplasts. However, Bokashi treatment produced large amyloplasts, which included many starch granules. These results show that Italian ryegrass and Bokashi can offset reductions of chemical fertilizer and can lead to sufficient starch accumulation structures in rice grains.

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“…Studies on the growth and development responses of a plant species at different growth stages to the nitrogen (N) fertilizer application at different rates (doses) are very important for understanding the plant's cultivation and management practices (Mazid 1993; Sunusi et al . 1999; Zakaria et al . 2000; Wadi et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on growth, biomass production and N‐uptake of torpedograss (Panicum repens L.)

Ishimine

Akamine

Kuramochi

2004

Weed Biology and Management

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A glasshouse study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different rates (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 kg ha -1 ) of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application on the growth, biomass production and Nuptake efficiency of torpedograss. The growth responses of torpedograss to the N application were significant throughout the observation periods. Torpedograss grown for 60 days obtained the highest total biomass of 23.0 g plant -1 with an application of 200 kg ha -1 N, followed by 20.4 g plant -1 with an application of 100 kg ha -1 N; when it was grown for 90 days a significantly higher biomass of 102.3-106.0 g plant -1 was obtained with the 200-400 kg ha -1 N than the biomass (68.0 g plant -1 ) obtained with the fertilizer applied at a lower rate. When the torpedograss was grown for 130 days the highest biomass was 230.0 g plant -1 with the 400 kg ha -1 N application, followed by a biomass of 150.0 g plant -1 with the 200 kg ha -1 N application, but the above-ground shoot in all treatments was over mature for animal food. The ratio of the above-ground shoot to the underground part increased with the increase in N application up to 400 kg ha -1 during the 90 days after planting (DAP), but the above-ground shoot biomass was the same with the 200 and 400 kg ha -1 N. The agronomic efficiency of the N application decreased to 5-38 with the increase in N application to 400 kg ha -1 , which was less than half the agronomic efficiency with the 200 kg ha -1 N. The agronomic efficiency of N was very low (5-22) during the 60 DAP, which indicated that the N application would not be economically viable in this period for torpedograss as a pasture, and short-duration plants could be cultivated in torpedograss-infested fields to minimize weed-crop competition. The nitrogen concentration (%) in the torpedograss increased with the increase in N application, but N-uptake efficiency was the opposite and the value was very low with the 400 kg ha -1 N. The above results lead us to conclude that the N application rate of 200 kg ha -1 is the most effective for torpedograss growth.

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Effects of Nitrogen Application on the Development and Accumulation of Protein Bodies in Developing Rice Seed

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Occurrence of perfect and imperfect grains of six japonica rice cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilization

Occurrence of perfect and imperfect grains of six japonica rice cultivars as affected by nitrogen fertilization

Morphological analysis on comparison of organic and chemical fertilizers on grain quality of rice at different planting densities

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on growth, biomass production and N‐uptake of torpedograss (Panicum repens L.)

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