Effects of Neem Seed Derivatives on Behavioral and Physiological Responses of the &lt;B&gt; &lt;I&gt;Cosmopolites sordidus&lt;/I&gt; &lt;/B&gt; (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Musabyimana, T.; Saxena, R. C.; Kairu, E. W.; Ogol, C. P. K. O.; Khan, Zeyaur R.

doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.2.449

Cited by 58 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This phenomenon is in agreement with previously reported decreases in oviposition for insects treated with neem products (Musabyimana et al 2001;Bruce et al 2004). Large alterations in the fecundity of insects exposed to neem have been extensively reported, such as those in the fly, C. capitata (Steffens and Schmutterer 1982); banana root borer, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar) (Musabyimana et al 2001); and mosquitoes, A. stephensi and A. culicifacies (Dhar et al 1996). The work published by Khan et al (2007) microscopically demonstrated that the decrease in fecundity of B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis exposed to neem compound was due to the block of ovarian development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Efficacy of neem extract against the blowfly and housefly

et al. 2008

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The blowfly, Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius), and housefly, Musca domestica Linnaeus, are ubiquitous insects that have the potential to spread a variety of pathogens to humans and livestock. Pest management techniques for populations of these flies are needed. Currently, bioinsecticides, particularly those derived from plant origin, have been increasingly evaluated in controlling populations of medically important insects. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the efficacy and biological activity of a commercially available neem extract, containing 0.24% azadirachtin A, against C. megacephala and M. domesitca. Laboratory bioassays were performed using the feeding method of mixing neem solutions with fresh beef, once or multiple times, as food for rearing third instar. The laboratory tests showed that neem products significantly reduced larval and pupal survival, adult emergence, pupal weight, adult wing length, and fecundity on the subsequent generation, in a dose-dependent manner in both species. Efficacy was observed in the first generation and could extend to the second generation. Despite these reductions, reduction in total adult longevity was not evident for larvae fed once on neem solutions with fresh beef, and slightly earlier (approximately 1 week) mortality was observed in both species when they were fed as larvae on multiple doses. Adverse effects of this neem-based product toward M. domestica were slightly greater than those in C. megacephala. These data reinforced the efficacy of neem extract in reduced adult emergence and anti-fecundity in the subsequent generation. However, neem extract induced only low to moderate larval and pupal mortalities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Efficacy of neem extract against the blowfly and housefly

et al. 2008

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“…Its major active ingredient (azadirachtin) may cause several negative effects on arthropods, such as feeding inhibition, repellency, decreased oviposition, reduced fertility and fecundity, changes in behavior and increased mortality (Schumutterer 1990, Dimetry et al 1993, Mordue & Nisbet 2000, Musabyimana et al 2001. Neem based products were shown to cause deleterious effects on several mites species as well (Mansour et al 1997, Gonçalves et al 2001, Makundi & Kashenge 2002, Venzon et al 2005, 2008b, Brito et al 2006a, but no studies have yet been carried out on their effect on T. evansi.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Soto¹,

Venzon²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard is an important pest of solanaceous plants, including tomatoes. This mite is characterized by a high reproductive rate, which leads to high population growth in a short period of time causing important economic damage. Control of T. evansi is mainly through synthetic acaricides. In searching for environmentally friendly control measures, we evaluated the effi ciency of alternative products to control T. evansi on tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. The products tested were lime sulphur and neem based products. We fi rst estimated the lethal concentration (LC) and instantaneous rate of increase (r i ) of T. evansi exposed to different product concentrations in laboratory conditions, and later tested the effi cacy of LC 95 and the concentrations that restrained mite population growth (r i = 0) in greenhouse conditions. The following treatments were repeated three times: NeemPro (81.0 and 71.6 mg a.i./l), Natuneem (31.1 and 20.4 mg ai/l), Organic Neem (39.1 and 30.4 mg a.i./l), lime sulphur (1.0 and 0.6%) and water (control). For all products, control provided by LC 95 was higher than provided for lower concentrations (r i = 0) one day after spraying. However, after fi ve days, for both concentrations, the percentage of T. evansi population reduction was superior to 95% and increased over time. Only plants sprayed with Natuneem (31.1 mg a.i./l) showed symptoms of phytotoxicity. Lime sulphur and neem based products, applied in appropriate concentrations and formulations, bear out as a viable alternative to control T. evansi on tomato plants.KEY WORDS: Acari, Azadirachta indica, lime sulphur, effi ciency, phytotoxicityThe tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, is an important pest of solanaceous plants, especially tomatoes (Flechtmann 1983, Bonato 1999, Ferragut & Escudero 2002. This mite is characterized by a high reproductive capacity, which leads to high population levels in a short time, causing important economic damage (Moraes & McMurtry 1986). Additionally, the mite produces large quantities of webs on the infested plants, hampering the action of natural enemies (Gerson 1985, Sabelis & Bakker 1992. The control of T. evansi in tomato is done mainly with application of synthetic pesticides. Despite its relative effi ciency, chemical control has several negative impacts as the selection of resistant individuals due to the continuous use of certain active ingredients, the reduction or elimination of benefi cial species, the high toxicity of products to applicators, and the presence of residues in food (Picanço et al 2007, Maniania et al 2008.A viable alternative to the problems arising from excessive use of synthetic pesticides in tomato production is the use of methods that provide control with social and environmental safety. In the search for such methods, natural enemies are being evaluated as biological control agents of T. evansi (Wekesa et al 2005, Furtado et al 2007, Brito et al 2009. Another strategy that has been used where con...

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“…Apart from these uses, neem In a research by Musabyimana et al [50], the wetting of banana corm or pseudo-stem with neem cake extract, aqueous neem seed powder, neem kernel powder or with emulsified neem oil distrupted the settling response, egg laying, and larval feeding of Cosmopolites sordidus (Banana Corn Borer) [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Azadirachta indica Leaf Powder and Ethanol Extract on Adult Periplanata americana under Laboratory Condition

Rosemary¹,

Nestor²,

Abalis³

2018

OALib

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The efficacy of Azadirachta indica leaf powder and ethanol extract on adult Periplanata americana under laboratory condition to control the nuisance of the pest. The mean mortality count of adult Periplanata americana was the highest (92) in 50 g leaf powder and the lowest (2) in the control. The result also showed that the highest mortality (125) was recorded in 96 hr exposure time while the lowest (28) was recorded in 24 h exposure time. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the mean mortality in the experiment and the control indicated that there was significant difference (P-value = 0.05) in the mortality with increase in grams and exposure time of leaf powder and the control at 5% level of significance the mean mortality count of adult P. americana was the highest (108) in 50 ml ethanoic extract and the lowest (3) in the control. The result also showed that the highest mortality (144) was recorded in 96 hr exposure time while the lowest (66) was recorded in 24 h exposure time. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the mean mortality in the experiment and the control indicates that there is significant difference (P-value = 0.05) in the mortality with increase in grams and exposure time of leaf powder and the control at 5% level of significance. The efficacy of Azadirachta indica Ethanol extract is more than the leaf powder. There was significant difference in mortality in both increase in concentration levels and exposure time at 5% level of significance in both leaf powder and ethanol extract.

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Effects of Neem Seed Derivatives on Behavioral and Physiological Responses of the <B> <I>Cosmopolites sordidus</I> </B> (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Cited by 58 publications

References 13 publications

Efficacy of neem extract against the blowfly and housefly

Efficacy of neem extract against the blowfly and housefly

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Efficacy of Azadirachta indica Leaf Powder and Ethanol Extract on Adult Periplanata americana under Laboratory Condition

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