ABSTRACT. The objective of the experiment was to study oocyte recovery by transvaginal, ultrasound-guided, follicle aspiration, from Thai swamp buffalo using different vacuum pressures. Six adult buffalo heifers, aged 2.5-3.0 yrs were treated with a total dose of 280 mg FSH, given twice a day in a divided doses over a three day period (60/60 mg, 50/50 mg, 30/30 mg) at d7 after progesterone implant. Three vacuum pressures were used; 100 (n=12), 80 (n=12) and 60 mmHg (n=12) and all of the pressures were performed in each anima l. The animals were treated repeatedly and collection took place using 2 sets of each pressure every 2 months, giving a total of 36 collections from each animal. The oocyte recovery rates from each pressure were 81.2% (69/85) 79.1% (53/67) and 90.3% (93/103) for 100, 80 and 60 mmHg respectively. The number of oocytes collected per donor were 5.33 ± 3.27, 4.42 ± 2.71 and 7.75 ± 4.31 respectively. The quality of the oocytes did not improved with the lower vacuum pressure. In conclusion, the application of FSH pret reatment improves the yield of oocytes from Thai, swamp buffalo heifers after gonadotropin treatment when using the vacuum pressures betw een 60-100 mmHg. KEY WORDS: OPU, swamp buffalo, vacuum pressures.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 66(8): 973-975, 2004 In swamp buffalo, the reproductive technology has not been studied as extensively as those of cattle and river buffalo. The limiting factors are poor in vivo embryo production [15] and a very low recovery rate of immature oocytes from slaughterhouse ovaries [1,14] which make it difficult to apply the technology in this species. Transvaginal, ultrasound guided, oocyte retrieval (Ovum Pick Up, OPU) is a non invasive procedure for collecting oocytes from live animals. This technique, together with in vitro fertilization, could be the way to produce a large number of superior animals [5,9]. Our earlier report [12] showed that it was possible to collect oocytes from swamp buffalo with a recovery rate of 63%, however, a large number of denuded oocytes and free zona, without cytoplasm, were found more than 50% of the recovered eggs. In cattle, it was shown that the vacuum pressure of OPU could play a role on both the recovery rate and the oocyte quality [2,3], although no studies in swamp buffalo were performed. The objective of this experiment was to study oocyte recovery in swamp buffalo after FSH pretreatment and using different vacuum pressures.Follicle aspiration by OPU was performed in 6 Thai swamp buffalo heifers (2.5-3.0 yrs old). The program of superstimulation by gonadotropin was a modification of our previous work in prepubertal buffaloes [16]. The animals were stimulated with a total dose of 280 mg Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH, Folltropin ® , Vetaphaarm, Australia) after a progesterone implant (Crestar ® , Intervet, The Netherlands). The treatment was started on d7 after the implant. A total of 6 injections was given twice a day (60/60 mg, 50/50 mg, 30/30 mg), intramuscularly, over a period of three days. An intramuscular injection o...