Effects of natural seawater mixing on the properties of alkali-activated slag binders

Ren, Jie; Sun, Hongfang; Cao, Kun; Ren, Zhili; Zhou, Bo; Wu, Wenshen; Xing, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123601

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This inconsistent result between water absorption/VPV and compressive strength, specifically higher (lower) values of the former but still higher (lower) values of the latter, has also been reported from previous studies. 38,59,60 As shown in Figure 11, SW mixed mortar had a larger capillary sorptivity coefficient after 28 days but a lower one after 56 days, compared to the ones of the DW mixed specimens. The inconsistent results from water absorption and VPV and the capillary sorptivity coefficients, which is the higher water absorption and VPV but lower capillary sorptivity coefficients for the DW mixed mortar after 28 days or vice versa for the SW mixed counterpart after 56 days, seem to suggest that these two parameters do not necessarily coincide with each other.…”

Section: Pore-related Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…The similar flowabilities of the SW mixed and DW mixed alkali-activated binders were also observed in another study. 38 The similar or even improved flowability of the SW mixed AASF mortar suggests a potential of the mixture be used for 3D-printing concrete technologies. Moreover, compared to the pure AAS-based mortar counterpart, which had a flowability of 233 and 235 mm for the SW and DW mixed specimen, 38 the flowability of the AASF mortar sample in this study is smaller.…”

Section: Setting Time and Flowabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This difference can be explained by considering the interaction between Mg 2+ from the SW and Na 2 O⋅SiO 2 , which has been detailed in another study. 38 After that, the premixed alkaline activator was added into the dry mixture of GGBFS and FA (for paste) as well as sand (for mortar), which was already mixed for 2 min in a Hobart mixer. The whole mixture was then further mixed for 8 min at low speed before casting into molds with different shapes or directly being used for flowability or setting time measurements.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indirectly, this outcome suggests that the natural SW seems to reserve the capacity for the compressive strength development. This can be explained by considering the possible formation of M-S-H gels as there 38,41 It is highly possible that the M-S-H and SiO 2 gels formed on the surface of GGBFS and FA particles, slowing down the further dissolution of GGBFS and FA particles. As the reaction proceeded, the dissolution of the two precursor materials continued via the loosely formed gels, leading to a later development of the compressive strength.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results were also obtained from other studies. 38,61 This can be explained by considering that water absorption and VPV reflect the overall porosity, whereas capillary sorptivity mainly indi-F I G U R E 1 1 Capillary sorptivity coefficients of the seawater and deionized water mixed mortar specimens after 28 and 56 days of curing cates the volume of capillary pores and related connectivity of porous microstructures.…”

Section: Pore-related Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A comparison between alkali‐activated slag/fly ash binders prepared with natural seawater and deionized water

Ren

Sun

et al. 2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

Self Cite

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In this research, the effects of natural seawater (SW) on the properties of alkali‐activated slag/fly ash (AASF) are studied. AASF prepared with deionized water is set as the reference mixture. The results showed that the use of natural SW resulted in a prolonged setting time and lower heat release, but no obvious impact on the flowability of AASF specimens. The long‐term compressive strength became higher when SW was used, whereas the corresponding flexural strength and fractural toughness turned lower. The use of SW induced the formation of new products that were not identified in the reference mixture, such as Cl–hydrocalumite and gypsum. In addition, it is evidenced that the dissolution of fly ash (FA) particles was significantly delayed with the incorporation of SW. All these results were related to the various ions introduced by the natural SW and their interactions with the alkaline activator as well as the precipitation of salts on slag and FA surfaces or in the matrix.

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Section: Pore-related Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Setting Time and Flowabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pore-related Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A comparison between alkali‐activated slag/fly ash binders prepared with natural seawater and deionized water

Ren

Sun

et al. 2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

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Shear performance degradation of basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer bars in seawater environments: Coupled effects of seawater sea‐sand geopolymer mortar coatings and sustained loading

Jiang,

Zhao,

Xie

et al. 2023

Polymer Composites

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Geopolymers, as a promising substitute for ordinary cement, exhibit different coating effects with regard to the durability of basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars. In this study, a comparative investigation was carried out on the shear performance of prestressed BFRP bars coated with seawater sea‐sand geopolymer mortar (SSGM). The alkaline content of the SSGM was 4% or 6%. The prestress level was 20% of the ultimate tensile strength at room temperature. The immersion temperatures were room temperature (RT), 40, or 60°C. Interlaminar shear tests and transverse shear tests were conducted at each period (30, 60, 120, and 240 days). The results showed that BFRP bar coated with 6% alkaline content exhibited a slightly higher degradation of shear strength. Furthermore, the prestress developed microcracks in the bars and weakened the interface between the fiber and resin matrix, particular at the elevated temperature. This led to further degradation of the BFRP bars. Additionally, a comparison was made between the shear strength results of BFRP bars coated with SSGM and those coated with ordinary portland concrete or seawater sea‐sand concrete, revealing that the long‐term shear performance of BFRP bars was less negatively impacted by the SSGM coating.Highlights Coupled effects of SSGM coatings and sustained loading on the degradation of BFRP bars are investigated. SSGM provides better protection for BFRP bars than cement‐base concrete. Alkaline content of activator in SSGM has insignificant impact on the BFRP degradation.

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An investigation of using seawater as mixing water for alkali-activated slag pastes

Rashad

Khalil

2022

Innov. Infrastruct. Solut.

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Effects of natural seawater mixing on the properties of alkali-activated slag binders

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

A comparison between alkali‐activated slag/fly ash binders prepared with natural seawater and deionized water

A comparison between alkali‐activated slag/fly ash binders prepared with natural seawater and deionized water

Shear performance degradation of basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer bars in seawater environments: Coupled effects of seawater sea‐sand geopolymer mortar coatings and sustained loading

An investigation of using seawater as mixing water for alkali-activated slag pastes

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