Effects of Music Intervention on the Physical and Mental Status of Patients with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: The aim of this review was to evaluate the effects of music intervention on the physical and mental status of patients with breast cancer. Methods: 9 databases were searched; 30 randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of music plus standard care and standard care alone in patients with breast cancer were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Jadad scale. Results: The results of the meta-analysis suggested that music intervention was significantly effective in lowering systolic blood pressure (standardized mean difference (SMD) -0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.85 to -0.42; p < 0.00001), diastolic blood pressure (SMD -0.64, 95% CI -1.06 to -0.22; p = 0.003), and heart rate (SMD -0.45, 95% CI -0.66 to -0.24; p < 0.0001), and in relieving anxiety (Hamilton Scale: mean difference (MD) -7.04, 95% CI -9.31 to -4.78; p < 0.00001; Self-Rating Anxiety Scale: MD -7.40, 95% CI -10.28 to -4.52; p < 0.00001; State Anxiety Inventory: MD -12.40, 95% CI -21.86 to -2.94; p = 0.01), and depression (MD -7.39, 95% CI -8.35 to -6.43; p < 0.00001). Conclusion: This review provides clues that music intervention might partially improve the physiological and psychological health of patients with breast cancer.

Evaluation of the reliability and validity of Functional Assessment Of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐Being‐Expanded in elderly patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases

“…Self‐Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS): this is a standard of anxiety assessment, which is used to measure the degree of anxiety and related changes during the course of treatment. This scale accurately reflects the subjective feelings of psychiatric patients with anxiety orientation 23 …”

Efektifitas Musik Nature sounds dan Dzikir Terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Depresi Pasien Kanker Payudara

“…Selain itu, musik suara alam memiliki tempo, pitch dan ritme yang berbeda-beda dapat disesuaikan dengan suara alam yang di inginkan (Chiang, 2012). Sama halnya dengan terapi musik lainnya, musik suara alam dapat menghasilkan perubahan fungsi organ internal yang akan mengaktifkan sistem limbic untuk mengeluarkan neurotransmiter seperti serotonin dan dopamin sehingga berefek positif, dapat merubah perilaku dan pengalaman emosional seperti ansietas dan depresi (Wang, Zhang, Fan, Tan, & Lei, 2018). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terapi musik suara alam dapat menurunkan secara signifikan tingkat depresi dan ansietas pada pasien kanker dengan nilai p<0.001 (Jasemi et al, 2016).…”

“…Terapi musik dapat memperbaiki status mental pasien kanker payudara yang mengalami depresi. Selain itu, cognitif -behavioral seperti guided imagery, mindfulness, meditasi, dan latihan relaksasi juga dapat digunakan untuk merubah emosi dan mempengaruhi perubahan fungsi psikologis pasien (Wang et al, 2018). Peneliti mengkombinasikan dengan dzikir karena dzikir adalah salah satu ritual yang biasa dilakukan oleh umat Islam yang dapat menimbulkan respon relaksasi dan memberikan efek terhadap kesehatan jangka panjang dan perasaan bahagia (Ibrahim, 2003).…”

“…Terapi musik yang diterapkan bersamaan dengan guided imagery, mindfulness, meditasi dan latihan relaksasi dapat memperbaiki status mental pada pasien kanker. Musik dapat menstimulasi perubahan psikologis pada pasien kanker, musik dengan alunan yang lambat dapat meningkatkan tekanan darah, denyut nadi dan frekuensi pernafasan (Wang et al, 2018). Berdoa sebelum dan sesudah terapi dapat memberikan sugesti positif pada responden (Hertanti et al, 2018).…”

Music intervention on physiological and psychological responses of patients with cancer

“…Cancer is the second most common causative disease threatening human life. [ 1 ] The World Health Organization (2009) reported that 7 million people worldwide died from cancer in 2005. [ 2 ] Up to 35% of cancer patients may have mood, anxiety, or adjustment disorders.…”