Evaluation of the reliability and validity of Functional Assessment Of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐Being‐Expanded in elderly patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases

Abstract

Background The Functional Assessment Of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐Being‐Expanded (FACIT‐Sp‐Ex) scale can simultaneously evaluate the quality of life and spiritual health level of patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases. We performed the FACIT‐Sp‐Ex scale in Chinese, and tested its reliability and validity in patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases. Methods There were 249 patients with chronic orthopaedic diseases who were selected for the questionnaire survey. AMOS 23.0 and SPSS 25.0 were used for statistical analysis to calculate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the scale. Results The Chinese version of FACIT‐Sp‐Ex scale showed that root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.06. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.83, the subscale was 0.72 ~ 0.82. The meaning, peace, relational subscales and total scale of the FACIT‐Sp‐Ex were negatively correlated with hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and positively correlated with health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). All four subdomains were inversely associated with HADS anxiety symptoms, the peace and relational subscales were inversely associated with HADS depressive symptoms. Elderly female patients score higher than male patients in faith subscale. The highest‐scoring disease in FACIT‐Sp‐Ex faith scale was osteoarthritis, which in FACIT‐Sp‐Ex total scale are piriformis syndrome and osteoarthritis. Conclusion The Chinese version of FACIT‐Sp‐Ex scale has good reliability and validity, which can be used as an evaluation tool for the spiritual status and quality of life of Chinese elderly chronic orthopaedic patients.

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“…Very recent studies in different parts of the world and with different groups and populations have shown the association of spiritual health with the reduction of symptoms of depression. As an example of these studies, there are those carried out among older adults in Turkey living in nursing homes and community housing (Aydin et al, 2020), patients diagnosed with breast cancer (Soleimani et al, 2020) and hospitalized with serious illnesses in Iranian medical centers (Bashar et al, 2018;Khademvatani et al, 2015), adults from the general American (Roeback III, 2020) and Korean population (Fukai et al, 2020), adults living in Spain during the pandemic of Covid-19 (González-Sanguino et al, 2020), American Methodist clergy (Milstein et al, 2020) and patients with chronic orthopedic diseases in China (Weng et al, 2021). Likewise, significant negative correlations were found between spiritual health and anxiety in studies already cited (Aydin et al, 2020;González-Sanguino et al, 2020;Soleimani et al, 2020;Weng et al, 2021) and in other Iranian samples, from hospitalized coronary patients (Hedayati et al, 2016;Khademvatani et al, 2015), from nurses, midwives and nursing students (Rahimi et al, 2017) and elderly from the general population (Solaimanizadeh et al, 2020).…”

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“…Desmet et al (2020) believe that spirituality is a major challenge in old age, and that unresolved ambiguities and questions related to spirituality can cause spiritual distress in the elderly (Desmet et al, 2020). Weng et al (2020) believe that nurses should consider their clients as spiritual beings and recognize their spiritual needs, although it may sometimes be annoying, while performing medical services (Weng et al, 2020). In their study, McDonald et al (2018) observed that spiritual needs of the elderly living in residential/nursing homes were not fully met, which reduced the quality of care provided to them (McDonald et al, 2018).…”