Effects of milk diet on gastrointestinal absorption of cadmium in adult mice

Engström, Birgitta; Nordberg, Gunnar F.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(78)90002-1

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Dietary factors are known to be important in cadmium metabolism, especially in determining absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (29,30). Our preliminary data indicate that dietary factors not only influence absorption but may also influence distribution of cadmium in the body.…”

Section: Effect Of Various Foods On Cadmium Retention and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effect of Age and Diet on Renal Cadmium Retention in Rats

Kostial¹

1984

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The results of our previous and recent work on cadmium metabolism in relation to age and diet are presented. Experiments were performed on albino rats aged 1-26 weeks. In some experiments rats were given different foods (milk, meat, bread) instead of standard rat diet. Some animals received trisodium calcium salt of diethylenetriaminepentaacetate (DTPA) intraperitoneally to decrease cadmium retention. Radioactive cadmium (ll5mCd) was administered orally and intraperitoneally. Whole body (WB), carcass (C) and organ (kidney, liver and brain) retentions were determined 1 and 2 weeks after a single radioisotope administration. The results are expressed as percentages of the administered dose (% D) and as percentages of whole body (% WB) and carcass (% C) radioactivities.After oral administration whole-body cadmium retention was higher in sucklings than in weaned animals, primarily due to increased gut retention. The kidney retention of orally administered cadmium was about 5-7 times higher in sucklings than in older rats. Cadmium distribution (% C) was similar after oral and intraperitoneal administration. In sucklings, kidney retention made a lower fraction of the carcass radioactivity one week after ll5mCd administration but reached adult values a week later. Liver retention in sucklings was a slightly lower fraction of the carcass radioactivity than in older rats at both time intervals. Brain retention (% C) was about 10 times higher in sucklings than in older rats throughout the experiment.Preliminary data on the influence of dietary treatments and treatment with DTPA indicate that some treatments which influence cadmium retention also influence cadmium distribution. Our results confirm previous findings that sucklings are at a higher risk than adults at the same level of enviroumental exposure to cadmium.

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Section: Effect Of Various Foods On Cadmium Retention and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Effect of Age and Diet on Renal Cadmium Retention in Rats

Kostial¹

1984

Environmental Health Perspectives

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“…Recently Engstrom and Nordburg looked at the effect of milk diet on gastrointestinal absorption of cadmium in adult mice. A markedly higher body retention of 109CdC12 was observed in animals given a milk diet compared to other groups on laboratory chow (20).…”

Section: Factors Affecting Intestinal Absorption Of Xenobioticsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Xenobiotics

Chhabra¹

1979

Environmental Health Perspectives

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There are five possible processes of intestinal absorption of xenobiotics. These are active transport, passive diffusions, pinocytosis, filtration through "pores," and lymphatic absorption. The passive diffusion ismajor process for transport of foreign chemicals across the intestine. Though the lymphatic absorption of drugs is not of any major therapeutic significance, the uptake oftoxic chemicals such as 3-MC, benzpyrene, and DDT through lymphatics may enhance their toxicity, since they are distributed to other organ systems in the body without being metabolized by liver. A number of factors such as diet, motility of intestine, interference with gastrointestinal flora, changes in the rate of gastric emptying, age of the animal, and dibsolution rate of xenobiotic can alter the rate of absorption of chemicals.Liver is the major site of metabolism of xenobiotlcs, but the contribution of intestinal metabolism of xenobiotic can influence the overall bioavailability of chemicals. The xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes oated in endoplasmic reticulum of intestine possess biochemical characteristics similar to that of liver. In general, the rate of metabolism of xenobiotics by intestinal microsomal preparation is lower than that observed with similar hepatic microsomal preparations. The in vitro intestinal metabolism of xenobiotics is affected by several factors including age, sex, diurnal variations, species, and nutritional status of the aninal. The intestinal xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes are stimulated by the pretreatment of animals with foreign chemicals, but this depends on the route of administration of chemicals, drug substrate and the aninal species used. Rabbit intestinal drug metabolizing enzymes seem to be resistant to induction by foreign chemicals.

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“…Support for application of this concept to cadmium is provided by the studies of Andersen et al (1992), Engstrom and Nordberg ( 1978), Kello and Kostial ( 1977), and Rabar and Kostial (1981). In each of these studies, the medium of administration of :1 cadmium remained the same for each group of animals (water by gavage), but the ad libitum food varied in composition among the different groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8, 8.3, 7.3, and 7.8% of the initial dose in rats fed rat chow, ..tinned luncheon meat," whole wheat bread, or milk, respectively. Two studies have reported higher retention of cadmium (estimated 14 and 28 days after dosing) after a single gavage dose of radiolabeled CdO2 in water in aduh mice fed milk (5.6 and ~4.0%) than that in adult mice fed standard rat chow (0.3 and ~ 1.5%) (Kello and Kostial, 1977;Engstrom and Nordberg, 1978). In all four of the above studies, the medium of administration for all groups was water, while the type of food ingested was varied among the different groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%