Effects of Microbial Additives on Chemical Composition and Fermentation Characteristics of Barley Silage

Abstract

This study examined the effects of bacterial inoculants on chemical composition and fermentation indices of barley silage. Barley forage (Youngyang) was harvested at 24% dry matter (DM) and wilted to 47.9% DM. The wilted barley forage was chopped to 3–5 cm length and applied with no inoculant (CON), L. plantarum (1×1010 cfu/g, LP) or Effective Microorganisms (0.5×109 cfu/g, EM). Then the forages were ensiled in four replications for each treatment in 20 L mini silos and stored for 100 days. The contents of crude protein and ether extract were higher in CON silage ensiled for 100-d, while the contents of DM and crude ash were higher in EM silage (p<0.05). The contents of ADF, NDF and hemicellulose as well as the in vitro DM digestibility were not affected by microbial inoculation (p>0.05). The pH, ammonia-N concentration and lactate to acetate ratio were higher (p<0.05) in CON silage, while lactate concentrations were higher (p<0.05) in CON and LP silage. Acetate concentration and lactic acid bacteria was increased (p<0.05) by both inoculants (LP and EM), but propionate concentration and yeast was increased (p<0.05) by EM and LP, respectively. These results indicated that the fermentation quality of barley silage was improved by the application of bacterial inoculants.

Determination of the yield characteristics and in vitro digestibility of barley forage harvested in different vegetation periods

“…Filya (2004) reported that the ADF and NDF levels of corn forage decreased with progressive vegetation. The ADF and NDF levels obtained from all harvesting periods in this study are low compared to barley forage levels obtained by Kocer and Albayrak (2012), McCartney and Vaage (1993) and Amanullah et al (2014). Nutrient composition of plants are affected by many factors and also, the vegetation periods affect nutrient composition of plants, and the most appropriate stage for harvesting is between heading stage and seed formation stage (Kilic, 1986 (Table 2, P<0.05).…”

Fermentative profile and bacterial diversity of corn silages inoculated with new tropical lactic acid bacteria

“…Samples of water extracts were centrifuged at 21 000 g for 3 min to extract the DNA, which was purified using a DNA purification from tissues kit (QIAamp DNA Mini Kit ‐ Qiagen, Chatsworth, CA) by following the manufacturer's instructions (Amanullah et al . ).…”

“…The silages inoculated with the strains that produced the highest concentrations of acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol were evaluated for bacterial diversity during all fermentation times. Samples of water extracts were centrifuged at 21 000 g for 3 min to extract the DNA, which was purified using a DNA purification from tissues kit (QIAamp DNA Mini Kit -Qiagen, Chatsworth, CA) by following the manufacturer's instructions (Amanullah et al 2014).…”

Improvement of Napier Grass Silage Nutritive Value by Using Inoculant and Crude Enzyme from Trichoderma reesei and Its Effect on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation

“…T. reesei can grow at pH 4 to 7 (Bailey et al, 1993) that is expected to work in fermentation process of fermented forage. Addition of lactic acid bacteria to forage at ensiling promotes homofermentation of major water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) to lactic acid, thereby causes a rapid decline of silage pH and increase silage quality (Amanullah et al, 2014;Ridwan et al, 2015). While the addition of T. reesei inoculant in fermented forage was expected to grow in the earlier fermentation that still had available oxygen so that the T. reesei could use substrate of plant to produce cellulase and could accelerate anaerobic condition.…”