Effects of Methamphetamine Dependence and HIV Infection on Cerebral Morphology

Jernigan, Terry L.; Gamst, Anthony; Archibald, Sarah; Fennema-Notestine, Christine; Mindt, Monica Rivera; Marcotte, Thomas L.; Heaton, Robert K.; Ellis, Ronald J.; Grant, Igor

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1461

Cited by 254 publications

(300 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…47 However, a larger group of 43 former MAabusers had larger gray matter volumes than control subjects in both parietal cortex and basal ganglia. 49 Because prolonged functional activity can increase local gray matter, 50 high striatal activity during the first week of abstinence, 1 combined with high parietal activity in later abstinence (this paper and a previous report 8 ), suggests that alternating between periods of use and abstinence may produce cumulative increases in the volumes of both structures.…”

Section: Importance Of Absolute Measuresmentioning

confidence: 69%

Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism during early abstinence from chronic methamphetamine abuse

et al. 2007

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Changes in brain function during the initial weeks of abstinence from chronic methamphetamine abuse may substantially affect clinical outcome, but are not well understood. We used positron emission tomography with [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to quantify regional cerebral glucose metabolism, an index of brain function, during performance of a vigilance task. A total of 10 methamphetamine-dependent subjects were tested after 5-9 days of abstinence, and after 4 additional weeks of supervised abstinence. A total of 12 healthy control subjects were tested at corresponding times. Global glucose metabolism increased between tests (P = 0.01), more in methamphetamine-dependent (10.9%, P = 0.02) than control subjects (1.9%, NS). Glucose metabolism did not change in subcortical regions of methamphetaminedependent subjects, but increased in neocortex, with maximal increase ( > 20%) in parietal regions. Changes in reaction time and self-reports of negative affect varied more in methamphetamine-dependent than in control subjects, and correlated both with the increase in parietal glucose metabolism, and decrease in relative activity (after scaling to the global mean) in some regions. A robust relationship between change in self-reports of depressive symptoms and relative activity in the ventral striatum may have great relevance to treatment success because of the role of this region in drug abuse-related behaviors. Shifts in corticalsubcortical metabolic balance either reflect new processes that occur during early abstinence, or the unmasking of effects of chronic methamphetamine abuse that are obscured by suppression of cortical glucose metabolism that continues for at least 5-9 days after cessation of methamphetamine self-administration.

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Section: Importance Of Absolute Measuresmentioning

confidence: 69%

Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism during early abstinence from chronic methamphetamine abuse

et al. 2007

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“…Similarly, an unexpected fi nding that hypertrophy of basal ganglia nuclei occurs in stimulant users [84][85][86][87] might be explained by altered patterns of neuronogenesis and gliogenesis in response to brain injury or chemical insult [88][89][90][91][92] and is consistent with the increased magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals for 'activated glial' cells and reduced neuronal metabolism which has been obtained from these structures. 54,67 Neural stem cells normally differentiate into both glia and neurons, and in animals the latter migrate anteriorly in the rostral migratory stream to the olfactory bulb.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

An intriguing association between dental and mental pathology in addicted and control subjects: a cross-sectional survey

Reece

2008

Br Dent J

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“…Hypothesis 1A: METH users will have larger striatal volumes, based on previous findings regarding a compensatory response due to normal cognitive function found in the METH users (Chang et al, 2005a;Jernigan et al, 2005). Hypothesis 1B: We also hypothesize a priori (Morales et al, 2012;Nakama et al, 2011;Schwartz et al, 2010) that METH users would have smaller and thinner cortices than CON in eight frontal cortical regions Aim 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Specifically, METH users have enlarged striatal structures, such as the putamen (Chang et al, 2005a;Ersche et al, 2012), globus pallidus (Chang et al, 2005a), and nucleus accumbens. (Jernigan et al, 2005) Chang et al found that METH users with enlarged striatum had relatively normal cognitive performance, suggesting a compensatory response to maintain cognitive function. However, METHdependent tobacco smokers had smaller gray matter volume in the orbitofrontal cortex and caudate nucleus compared to CON and smaller gray matter volume in the insula compared to control nonsmokers (Morales et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in impulsivity and brain volumes in methamphetamine users

Kogachi

Chang

Jiang

et al. 2015

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Methamphetamine (METH) is an addictive stimulant adversely affecting brain structure and function. The aim of this study was to investigate impulsivity and brain structures, and sex differences on these variables, between METH users and non-drug user controls (CON). Structural MRI was performed in 124 subjects: 62 METH (ages 41.2±1.4 years, 34 males, 28 females) and 62 CON (ages 43.3±2.3 years, 36 males, 26 females). FreeSurfer 5.1 automated morphometry was used to measure brain morphometry. Subjects completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) questionnaire, which measures six factors. 2-way and repeated measures ANCOVA, co-varying for age, education, depressive symptoms, and intracranial volume, evaluated for independent and interactive effects of group status and sex. Relationships between METH usage characteristics, brain volumes, and impulsivity scores with significant group differences were examined with Pearson correlations. METH users had higher impulsivity scores in a majority of the factors (p<0.001-0.05). Male METH users had larger right superior frontal volumes compared to CON, while female METH users had smaller volumes compared to CON (p=0.02). Groupby-volume interactions were found in the right superior frontal (p=0.02) and right insula (p=0.02). In the male METH users, greater volumes in these regions were associated with less self-control. Female METH users had larger accumbens compared to female CON (p=0.03). METH users had consistently thinner left frontal cortical regions compared to CON (p=0.003). Consistent with prior reports, METH users were more impulsive and had thinner left frontal cortices than CON. Male METH users had larger superior frontal and insula volumes than CON, which was associated with less self-control (p=0.009-0.05). This was not seen in the female METH users, possibly due to a protective effect of estrogen from neuroinflammation in these regions. This suggests that men and women may be affected differently, and sex should be accounted for in brain morphometry studies.3

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Effects of Methamphetamine Dependence and HIV Infection on Cerebral Morphology

Cited by 254 publications

References 46 publications

Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism during early abstinence from chronic methamphetamine abuse

Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism during early abstinence from chronic methamphetamine abuse

An intriguing association between dental and mental pathology in addicted and control subjects: a cross-sectional survey

Sex differences in impulsivity and brain volumes in methamphetamine users

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