Effects of melt-state shear homogenization on catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste for feedstock recycling

Ahmadi, Mojtaba; Zabihi, Omid; Nazarloo, Hossein Ajdari; Shirvanimoghaddam, Kamyar; Duan, Xiaofei; Adetunji, Philip; Egan, Brian; Naebe, Minoo

doi:10.1016/j.mtsust.2023.100343

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…[18] However, the very short residence time of the emitting volatiles in the pyrolyser and transfer line to the gas chromatography does not allow the occurrence of side reactions. [70] Thus, the effect of side reactions is neglected in this method, and the final output may differ from the typical reactors and cracking systems.…”

Section: Pyrolysis Gc-ms Of Ldpementioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of Single‐Use Plastics into Lighter Hydrocarbons via an Economical Coal Fly Ash based Zeolite Catalyst

Hossein Nazarloo,

Zabihi,

Shirvanimoghaddam

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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A mixture of zeolite X and A, derived from coal fly ash (CFA), was protonated and utilized as an acid catalyst to decompose single‐use plastics (SUP) waste into lighter hydrocarbons. Low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) was selected as the source of SUP, and this study aimed to investigate the catalytic effects of the protonated CFA‐derived zeolite (H‐XA) as an economical option on the LDPE pyrolysis temperature and output. CFA converted into H‐XA through the conventional alkali fusion, followed by sonication and simplified hydrothermal and protonation processes. The impact of the alkali agent ratio on the resulting product was investigated, and outcomes were evaluated. The product with optimum properties was then selected for investigation in the LDPE pyrolysis studies. Finally, the results were compared with commercial Protonated Zeolite Socony Mobil‐5 (H‐ZSM5) and thermal decomposition without catalysts. Regarding LDPE degradation temperature, H‐XA could lower that by 97 °C compared to thermal degradation, which was almost the same as commercial H‐ZSM5 with 110 °C. The pyrograms obtained through the Pyrolysis‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (Py‐GCMS) analysis indicated the elimination of heavier hydrocarbons in the presence of H‐XA and the product spectra laid in the range of C3 to C9, which was entirely different from the LDPE with hydrocarbons of varying lengths. Moreover, kinetic studies on the LDPE decomposition reactions in this work have revealed that LDPE conversion occurs at a lower activation energy level in the presence of H‐XA, which is comparable to the energy level observed when H‐ZSM5 is used as the catalyst. The synthesis of H‐XA with desirable catalytic activity, such as the ability to lower the LDPE degradation temperature and make lighter hydrocarbons as the pyrolysis output, suggests the great potential of the CFA‐based acid catalyst for use in SUP recycling. This represent a game of waste versus waste within the framework of the circular economy, where the environment is the ultimate winner.

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Section: Pyrolysis Gc-ms Of Ldpementioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of Single‐Use Plastics into Lighter Hydrocarbons via an Economical Coal Fly Ash based Zeolite Catalyst

Hossein Nazarloo,

Zabihi,

Shirvanimoghaddam

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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“…Fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composites are increasingly being chosen in the mobility sector for their light weight, recyclable nature, and high specific stiffness. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The high strength and stiffness of composites lead to reduce vehicle weight and help in increasing the range of electric vehicles. 7 Among the polymer resins, polypropylene is widely used due to its low density, chemical resistance, recyclability, and low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climate change and the resulting regulatory framework are pushing the mobility sector to look at alternate materials to reduce emissions through the design and manufacture of light weight automotive structures. Fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin composites are increasingly being chosen in the mobility sector for their light weight, recyclable nature, and high specific stiffness 1–6 . The high strength and stiffness of composites lead to reduce vehicle weight and help in increasing the range of electric vehicles 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synergy of the matrix modification and fiber geometry to enhance the thermo‐mechanical properties of basalt fiber‐polypropylene composites for automotive applications

Balaji,

Shirvanimoghaddam,

Yadav

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with two initial fiber lengths (3.2 and 6.4 mm) were fabricated using twin‐screw extrusion compounding. In the case of composites with smaller initial fiber length, basalt fibers predominantly served as nucleating agents for polypropylene thereby resulting in an increase in the degree of crystallinity. The addition of polypropylene‐g‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MA) caused the matrix to become amorphous, which was due to the establishment of a fiber–matrix interphase. This behavior was different for the composites with relatively larger initial fiber length especially at higher fiber content. The reduction in fiber length in the composites caused a decrease in crystallinity, as this hindered the ability of the polypropylene matrix to form crystals. Addition of PP‐g‐MA established a fiber–matrix interphase thereby synergistically contributing to the increased matrix amorphousness of the basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with 6.4 mm initial fiber length. Reduced fiber length due to processing also accelerated the thermal degradation of the composites with an initial fiber length of 6.4 mm. However, the reduction in fiber length due to processing resulted in increased fiber orientation, which contributed to the improvement in tensile and flexural properties of the basalt fiber reinforced polypropylene composites with an initial fiber length of 6.4 mm. At 30% fiber content, the tensile strength and modulus of basalt fiber reinforced matrix modified polypropylene composites with 6.4 mm initial fiber length improved by 18% and 13% as compared with the composites with 3.2 mm initial fiber length.

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Strategies to resolve intrinsic conflicts between strength and toughness in polyethylene composites

Shirvanimoghaddam

Balaji

Ahmadi

et al. 2024

Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research

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Effects of melt-state shear homogenization on catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste for feedstock recycling

Cited by 8 publications

References 76 publications

Transformation of Single‐Use Plastics into Lighter Hydrocarbons via an Economical Coal Fly Ash based Zeolite Catalyst

Transformation of Single‐Use Plastics into Lighter Hydrocarbons via an Economical Coal Fly Ash based Zeolite Catalyst

The synergy of the matrix modification and fiber geometry to enhance the thermo‐mechanical properties of basalt fiber‐polypropylene composites for automotive applications

Strategies to resolve intrinsic conflicts between strength and toughness in polyethylene composites

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