Effects of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine on intraocular pressure, pupil size, and tear secretion in clinically normal Ghezel sheep

Okur, Sıtkıcan; Yanmaz, Latif Emrah; Şenocak, Mümin Gökhan; Ersöz, Uğur; Orhun, Omer Tarik; Kadak, Muhammed

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106783

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is evident that the results obtained from other studies, including those of Okur et al [ 21 ], are lower than those of this study. However, only two of these studies used the same tonometer.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…Peche and Eule reported that the IOP in adult sheep was 12.7 ± 3.0 mmHg and 11.7 ± 3.3 mmHg in the right and left eyes, respectively, measured using a TonoVet ® rebound tonometer [ 9 ]. Their report was similar to that of Okur et al [ 21 ], where the IOP values in two groups of sheep were 11.9 ± 2.6 mmHg and 13.1 ± 4.4 mmHg, respectively, in Ghezel breed sheep measured using a TonoVet ® tonometer [ 21 ]. In addition, both results from these previous studies are lower than the results of this study (IOP: 19.16 ± 3.24 mmHg).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…However, the reference range for summer reported in their study overlaps partly with the values observed in the present study. Similarly, there are more reports on Romanov and Ghezel sheep, where the STT reference values vary between 16.7 ± 4.9 mm/min and 19.0 ± 5.22 mm/min in both eyes, respectively, showing higher STT results than those in Latvian Darkhead sheep [ 21 , 22 ]. Furthermore, Kurt et al (2021) recently determined the mean STT values for Sakiz sheep to be 11.8 ± 3.35 mm/min [ 8 ], which is slightly less than those for the Latvian Darkhead breed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several studies have investigated the average IOP values in sheep, especially in ewes, but also with different tonometers and sheep breeds such as Sakiz, Merino, Corrbedale, Ghezel, Alentejo, and Awassi [ 8 , 13 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Older publications on average IOP measurements in adult sheep with applanation (flattening) Perkins and Tono-pen XL tonometer reported IOP values from 10.6–17.7 mmHg, with lower IOP values than those in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, both results from these previous studies are lower than the results of this study (IOP: 19.16 ± 3.24 mmHg). We need to admit that the research presented by Okur et al [ 21 ] was conducted during the winter season, but in the publication by Peche and Eule [ 9 ] it was not noted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normal Range for the Schirmer Tear Test and Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Latvian Darkhead Lambs and Ewes

Kovalcuka,

König,

Petersen

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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A complete ophthalmological examination, including basic diagnostic tests such as the Schirmer tear test (STT) and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement performed by tonometry in particular species and breeds, is essential for obtaining a clear diagnostic result and avoiding diagnostic misinterpretations. STT and IOP values have been poorly described for sheep. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the normal range for STT and tonometry values in clinically normal Latvian Darkhead lambs and ewes. Both eyes of 100 sheep (200 eyes)—50 lambs (1–3 months old) and 50 ewes (1–8 years old)—underwent complete ophthalmic examinations, including STT and IOP evaluation. The mean ± standard deviation of STT values for both eyes in lambs and ewes were 13.12 ± 3.91 mm/min and 13.68 ± 4.09 mm/min, respectively. The IOP in lambs and ewes was 14.04 ± 3.68 mmHg and 19.16 ± 3.24 mmHg, respectively. Furthermore, the suggested reference range for the STT was 12.00–14.23 mm/min in lambs and 12.52–14.84 mm/min in ewes, while the reference IOP range was determined to be 13.00–15.08 mmHg in lambs and 18.24–20.08 mmHg in ewes. No statistically significant differences in STT and IOP values were observed for both eyes. However, the IOP value for both eyes was statistically significantly higher in ewes compared to lambs (p < 0.01). This study provides reference values for the STT and IOP in healthy Latvian Darkhead lambs and ewes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Normal Range for the Schirmer Tear Test and Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Latvian Darkhead Lambs and Ewes

Kovalcuka,

König,

Petersen

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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Comparison of intraocular pressure in New Zealand White rabbits measured using rebound and applanation tonometers and four different methods of physical restraint

Okur

Yanmaz

Şenocak

et al. 2023

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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Comparison of Tonovet® and Tonovet plus® tonometers for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, and sheep

Kovalcuka,

Mālniece,

Vanaga

2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Reference ranges for intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy animals are device-specific; therefore, it is strongly recommended to use appropriate reference values according to the device. Therefore, our aim was to compare IOP readings made by TonoVet® and TonoVet Plus® in healthy dogs, cats, sheep, cattle, and horses. We compared IOP values measured by TonoVet® and TonoVet Plus® tonometers in clinically normal eyes of dogs, cats, horses, cattle, and sheep. Materials and Methods: Five groups comprising 20 animals each of dogs (various breeds, 9 months–10 years old, 14 females, 6 males), cats (various breeds, 6 months–12 years old, 8 females, 12 males), horses (various breeds, 5–12 years old, 12 females, 8 males), cattle (Holstein, 1–7 lactation, female), and sheep (Latvian Darkhead ewes, 1–8 years old) were included in the study. Both eyes of all animals were subjected to ophthalmic examination, including evaluation of IOP by rebound tonometry using TonoVet® and TonoVet Plus® devices. Normality was determined using the Shapiro–Wilk test. The independent t-test was used to determine differences between IOP values in the right and left eyes and between both tonometers. This study was approved by the Ethical Commission of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies (Nr. LLU_Dzaep_2022-2-4). Results: No differences in IOP between the right and left eyes were found in all cases (p > 0.05). The mean IOP ± standard deviation values in both eyes for TonoVet® and TonoVet Plus® tonometers were as follows: for dogs, 15.25 ± 2.73 mmHg and 19.65 ± 3.46 mmHg; and in cats, 18.88 ± 3.98 mmHg and 18.78 ± 4.26 mmHg, respectively. In horses, mean IOP was 22.15 ± 3.74 mmHg and 24.28 ± 3.00 mmHg; in cattle, 24.73 ± 2.89 mmHg and 23.28 ± 2.97 mmHg; and in sheep, 18.05 ± 3.54 mmHg and 22.49 ± 4.66 mmHg, respectively. Significant differences in IOP values were observed between the tonometers in sheep, dog, and horse groups (mean difference –4.40, –4.48, and 2.13, respectively). Conclusion: This study showed significantly higher IOP values measured by the TonoVet Plus® tonometer in dogs and sheep. Keywords: cats, cattle, dogs, horses, sheep, TonoVet plus, TonoVet.

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Effects of medetomidine and dexmedetomidine on intraocular pressure, pupil size, and tear secretion in clinically normal Ghezel sheep

Cited by 3 publications

References 33 publications

Normal Range for the Schirmer Tear Test and Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Latvian Darkhead Lambs and Ewes

Normal Range for the Schirmer Tear Test and Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Latvian Darkhead Lambs and Ewes

Comparison of intraocular pressure in New Zealand White rabbits measured using rebound and applanation tonometers and four different methods of physical restraint

Comparison of Tonovet® and Tonovet plus® tonometers for measuring intraocular pressure in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, and sheep

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