Effects of magnesium sulfate on cardiac conduction and refractoriness in humans

DiCarlo, Lorenzo A.; Morady, Fred; Buitleir, Michael de; Król, Ryszard B.; Schurig, Lois; Annesley, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(86)80157-7

Cited by 143 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…During hypermagnesemia, both atrial and ventricular pacing thresholds were markedly increased, but these were within normal ranges when a cardiac electrophysiologic study was performed under conditions of normomagnesemia. The results of studies on the electrophysiologic effects of hypermagnesemia are conflicting (13)(14)(15), but to our knowledge, this is the first case report to show that hypermagnesemia can cause an increased cardiac pacing threshold, at least in the severe cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hypermagnesemia Induced by Massive Cathartic Ingestion in an Elderly Woman without Pre-existing Renal Dysfunction

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 76-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for unresponsiveness and hypotension. She had developed constipation that had led to ileus and had received 34 g of magnesium citrate (Magcolol P ® ) orally the day before. She was lethargic, her blood pressure was less than 50 mmHg, and electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed sinus arrest with junctional escape rhythm. Her serum concentration of magnesium (Mg) was markedly elevated (16.6 mg/dl =13.7 mEq/l). Emergency colonoscopy revealed ischemic colitis. As her condition ameliorated, her renal function returned to normal. Hence, the present case suggests that severe hypermagnesemia can occur in the absence of pre-existing renal dysfunction in elderly patients with gastrointestinal diseases.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Hypermagnesemia Induced by Massive Cathartic Ingestion in an Elderly Woman without Pre-existing Renal Dysfunction

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, there is convincing evidence that magnesium infusion is slowing conduction through the atrioventricular node and thus prolongs the PR interval. [42][43][44][45][46] The relation between low serum magnesium and prolongation of the PR interval might be caused by the same mechanism as the relation between low serum magnesium and QTc prolongation: Decreased serum magnesium levels after SAH are followed by increased cytosolic magnesium and consequent prolongation of the PR interval.…”

Section: Pr Intervalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocardiographic Abnormalities and Serum Magnesium in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Bergh

Algra

Rinkel

2004

Stroke

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Purpose-ECG abnormalities and hypomagnesemia frequently occur after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because hypomagnesemia is associated with several ECG abnormalities, we studied whether hypomagnesemia mediates ECG abnormalities after SAH. Methods-We prospectively studied a consecutive series of 62 patients admitted within 72 hours after aneurysmal SAH.A standard 12-lead ECG and serum magnesium measurement were routinely performed at admission. The relationship between serum magnesium and ECG abnormalities was assessed with linear regression analysis and the Mann-Whitney test in case of dichotomized ECG abnormalities. Results-Hypomagnesemia was present in 23 patients (37%), and 38 patients (61%) had a long QTc duration. Low serum magnesium was related to a long PR interval (Pϭ0.001) and a shorter QTc interval (Pϭ0.004). Adjustment for World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score, hydrocephalus, and the amount of cisternal and ventricular blood did not influence these relations. Conclusions-In patients with SAH, lower serum magnesium levels are related to less pronounced increase in the QTc interval. Although the direction of the relation was unexpected, decreased serum magnesium might be the missing link between SAH and ECG abnormalities.

show abstract

“…19 Mg increases sinus node recovery time, atrioventricular node conduction time, and the atrioventricular node refractory period, and thereby may decrease the ventricular rate during atrial arrhythmias. 20,21 The electrophysiological properties of Mg combined with its excellent safety profile would seem to make Mg a good target for use in facilitating electric cardioversion. Previous studies have shown a benefit of Mg in patients with AF by increasing the success of pharmacological cardioversion and by decreasing the incidence of postoperative AF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Intravenous Magnesium in Facilitating Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation

Rajagopalan

Shah

Narasimha

et al. 2016

Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

P atients with atrial fibrillation (AF) may require electric cardioversion, either because of intolerable symptoms related to AF or as part of a rhythm control strategy. See Editorial by KotechaElectric cardioversion using a biphasic waveform has a procedural success rate of 86% to 94%, sometimes requiring multiple shocks.1-3 The success of electric cardioversion depends on the duration of AF, transthoracic impedance, delivered energy, and the type of electric shock used.1 Pharmacological cardioversion using antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) has a lower success rate and may take a few hours to days to achieve sinus rhythm.Magnesium (Mg) is an abundant mineral in the body, present in bone, the heart, and the central nervous system. In the heart, Mg modulates potassium (slow-activating delayed rectifier K channel, I Ks ) and calcium channels (L-type) in both the atria and the ventricles. 4,5 Mg has been shown to have membrane-stabilizing properties within the atrium. 4 This membrane-stabilizing property may be particularly helpful in rhythm control of AF. Data from the Framingham offspring and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) prospective cohorts have linked low serum Mg levels to AF. 6,7 Studies on pharmacological cardioversion have shown increased success of cardioversion when Mg is used along with an AAD. 8,9 A recent study on electric cardioversion showed that the infusion of a K-Mg electrolyte solution was successful in facilitating electric cardioversion of AF.3 On the basis of data suggesting an association of low Mg levels with the incidence of AF and the membrane-stabilizing property of Mg in the atrium with the modulation of I K+ and I Ca2+ currents, we postulated that administration of Mg alone would be useful in increasing the success of cardioversion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the benefit of intravenous © 2016 American Heart Association, Inc. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol

show abstract

Effects of magnesium sulfate on cardiac conduction and refractoriness in humans

Cited by 143 publications

References 15 publications

Hypermagnesemia Induced by Massive Cathartic Ingestion in an Elderly Woman without Pre-existing Renal Dysfunction

Hypermagnesemia Induced by Massive Cathartic Ingestion in an Elderly Woman without Pre-existing Renal Dysfunction

Electrocardiographic Abnormalities and Serum Magnesium in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Efficacy of Intravenous Magnesium in Facilitating Cardioversion of Atrial Fibrillation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About