Effects of Lower Leaf Senescence on Carbon and Nitrogen Distribution and Yield Formation in Maize ( 
            <i>Zea mays</i> L.) with High Planting Density

Li, Rongfa; Liu, Peng; Yang, Qian; Ren, Hao; Dong, Shuting; Zhang, Jiwang; Zhao, Bin

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2018.01032

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…By increasing planting density, an important measure that can increase maize yield per unit area [3,4], maize may more efficiently intercept and use solar radiation [5,6]. Some studies have shown that leaf area index (LAI) increases as plant density increases [7,8], causing decreased light transmission to the lower canopy leaves which, in turn accelerates their senescence [9][10][11][12] and causes yield loss [13][14][15][16]. However, a synthesis analysis in a previous study found that the LAI did not always increase with increasing yields [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Removal Affects Maize Morphology and Grain Yield

et al. 2020

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Increasing planting density is an important practice associated with increases in maize yield, but densely planted maize can suffer from poor light conditions. In our two-year field experiments, two morphologically different cultivars, ZD958 (less compact) and DH618 (more compact), were planted at 120,000 plants ha−1 and 135,000 plants ha−1, respectively. We established different leaf area index (LAI) treatments by removing leaves three days after silking: (1) control, no leaves removed (D0); (2) the two uppermost leaves removed (D1); (3) the four uppermost leaves removed (D2); (4) the leaves below the third leaf below the ear removed (D3); (5) the leaves of D1 and D3 removed (D4); (6) the leaves of D2 and D3 removed (D5). Optimal leaf removal improved light distribution, increased photosynthetic capacity and the post-silking source-sink ratio, and thus the grain yield, with an average LAI of 5.9 (5.6 and 6.2 for ZD958 and DH618, respectively) for the highest yields in each year. Therefore, less-compact cultivars should have smaller or fewer topmost leaves or leaves below the ear that quickly senesce post-silking, so as to decrease leaf area and thus improve light distribution and photosynthetic capacity in the canopy under dense planting conditions. However, for more compact cultivars, leaves below the ear should senesce quickly after silking to reduce leaf respiration and improve the photosynthetic capacity of the remaining top residual leaves. In future maize cultivation, compact cultivars with optimal post-silking LAI should be adopted when planting densely.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Removal Affects Maize Morphology and Grain Yield

et al. 2020

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“…A combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus also has a significant effect. NP affects the growth of alfalfa leaves and roots, changes photosynthesis and water use efficiency (Li et al 2012, Wang et al 2013, and promotes nitrogen fixation levels (Qi et al 2013), thereby further increasing plant growth and yield. Applying organic fertiliser provides abundant nutrients for alfalfa and improves soil physicochemical properties and biological activities (Hu et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fertilisation and environmental factors affect the yield and quality of alfalfa in China

Li,

Liu

2024

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a high-quality forage legume, often called the king of forages, that has been cultivated on more than 5.467 × 10 5 ha in China since 2020 (Wang and Xu 2021). The cultivated area of alfalfa has been expanding with the development of animal husbandry and the demand for returning farmland to grassland (Li 2002, Wang andXu 2021). However, the yield and quality of alfalfa in China fall short of meeting the escalating demands of the livestock industry (Zhang et al. 2009, Wang andXu 2021). The self-sufficiency rate of high-quality alfalfa in China was 64% during (Jin et al. 2021, while imports of alfalfa hay grew from 0.44 × 10 6 to 1.36 × 10 6 tons (Wang and Zhong 2021). Consequently, evaluating how to expand the yield and quality of alfalfa in China is important for the flourishing animal husbandry industry.The yield and quality of alfalfa are closely related to soil fertility. Reasonable fertilisation management and timely supplements of nutrients deficient in the soil (Bahulikar et al. 2020 increase the yield and quality of alfalfa (Wei et al. 2018). Fertilisation is a direct approach to improve the yield and quality of alfalfa (Fang et al. 2021, Wan et al. 2022. Many studies have explored the effects of fertiliser applications on the yield and quality of alfalfa (Fang et al. 2021, Wan et al. 2022). However, the results have varied substantially or were contradictory due to differences in cuttings, cultivars, water supply, soil, and environmental factors.Applying fertiliser significantly increases alfalfa quality (Wan et al. 2022), and alfalfa crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF), and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) reflect its nutritional quality

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“…Thus, the photosynthetic potential of the shaded leaves is inhibited [ 10 , 11 ]. The distribution ratio of maize photosynthetic products to the root system is reduced under weak light stress, resulting in a significant decrease in root biomass, root length density, and root surface area, and a weakening of root vitality [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Therefore, a reasonable planting method is necessary to optimize the canopy structure and the distribution of canopy light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Management Practices for Canopy–Topsoil Improves the Grain Yield of Maize with High Planting Density

Sun

Wen

et al. 2023

Plants

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Inappropriate spatial distribution of canopy and roots limits further improvements to the grain yield of maize with increased planting density. We explored an integrated management practice called strip deep rotary with staggered planting (SRS) which includes comprehensive technology for both canopy layers and topsoil. Here, field experiments were conducted under two maize cropping systems (spring maize and summer maize) to evaluate the effect of SRS on the spatial distribution of the canopy and roots for maize under high planting density (90,000 plants ha−1) and to determine the physiological factors involved in yield formation. Compared with conventional management practices (no-tillage with single planting, NTS), SRS decreased the LAI of the middle to top layers while improving the light distribution of the middle and lower layers by 72.99% and 84.78%, respectively. Meanwhile, SRS increased the root dry weight density and root sap bleeding by 51.26% and 21.77%, respectively, due to the reduction in soil bulk density by an average of 5.08% in the 0–40 cm soil layer. SRS improved the SPAD in the ear and lower leaves and maximized the LAD, which was conducive to dry matter accumulation (DMA), increasing it by 14.02–24.16% compared to that of NTS. As a result, SRS increased maize grain yield by 6.71–25.44%. These results suggest that strip deep rotary combined with staggered planting noticeably optimized the distribution of light in the canopy and reduced the soil bulk density to promote root vitality and growth, to maintain canopy longevity, and to promote the accumulation of dry matter, which eventually increased the grain yield of the maize under high planting density conditions. Therefore, SRS can be considered a better choice for the sustainable high yield of maize under high-density planting conditions in the NCP and similar areas throughout the world.

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Effects of Lower Leaf Senescence on Carbon and Nitrogen Distribution and Yield Formation in Maize ( Zea mays L.) with High Planting Density

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Leaf Removal Affects Maize Morphology and Grain Yield

Leaf Removal Affects Maize Morphology and Grain Yield

Fertilisation and environmental factors affect the yield and quality of alfalfa in China

Integrated Management Practices for Canopy–Topsoil Improves the Grain Yield of Maize with High Planting Density

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