Effects of low-dose midazolam with propofol in patient-controlled sedation (PCS) for apicectomy

Evaluation of patient-controlled sedation (PCS) during surgical removal of impacted lower third molars.

“…The preoperative scores of the ball bearing test were surprisingly found to be lower than the post-operative scores in both groups. These results were similar to those of Zuhal Küçükyavuz et al, (34) evaluating the effect of lowdose midazolam with propofol in patient-controlled sedation for apicectomy, suggesting that preoperative stress and anxiety possibly reduces the patients' concentration.…”

Surgical and Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment-induced Stress

“…This association acts at different but complementary levels by 1) blocking the activation of peripheral nociceptors, 2) blocking input transmission through primary afferents, 3) modulating input transmission by the spinal dorsal horn, 4) increasing the supraspinal and supratrigeminal descending inhibitory controls, 5) modulating the perception of nociceptive inputs when they reach the higher levels of the central nervous system, and 6) integrating sensory perception into a cognitive interpretation of the endodontic treatment. In general, the indications for sedation in endodontics target behavioral outcomes, the aim being to control the patient's reactions in order to allow the treatment to be completed (22,(25)(26)(27). There is, however, a lack of references on the use of sedation to prevent the neurophysiologic consequences of stress during endodontic treatments.…”

Evaluation of 865 children who underwent magnetic resonance imaging under propofol-midazolam sedation

“…Propofol is the mainly preferred agent for outpatient practice 4,6,11 . One of the reason to choose propofol is its negligible effects on cortical functions 7 .…”

“…It is preferred especially for its amnesic and anxiolytic effects, and it has a short-acting effect 6,11 . Midazolam decreases disadvantages of propofol and recovery time and discharge from hospital is shortened with midazolam-propofol combination 8 .…”