Effects of long-term feed deprivation on body weight loss, muscle composition, plasma metabolites, and intermediate metabolism of meagre (Argyrosomus regius) under different water temperatures

Abstract

The effect of feed deprivation at four water temperatures (17, 20, 23, 26 °C) was investigated in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) of initial mean weight ± SD, 116.16 ± 4.74 g, in triplicate groups. Fish were deprived of feed for a period of 60 days and sampled on days 0, 14, 41, and 60, during which body weight, specific growth rate, somatic indices, muscle proximate composition, plasma metabolite levels (total lipids, proteins, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose), and liver and muscle enzymatic activities [L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH), citrate synthase (CS), malate dehydrogenase (MDH)] were evaluated. Long-term feed deprivation resulted in a significant decrease in body weight, condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), muscle lipids, and plasma metabolites (all except proteins) and increase in muscle moisture. Plasma glucose concentration decreased with time and became significantly lower at 41 and 60 days. Glucose concentration and weight loss expressed a different response in the short term (14 days) than in the long term (14 and 60 days) of feed deprivation, suggesting a change in glucose metabolic profile. After 60 days of feed deprivation, there was an increase in the L-LDH activity in the liver at all temperature levels, which reflects a rising glycolytic potential by activating the carbohydrate metabolism and an ATP-dependent demand. MDH activity increased in the liver and muscle, except at 17 °C in the muscle, which indicates aerobic glycolysis and lipolysis. CS activity in the liver increased after the 60 days, whereas that in the muscle decreased, indicating the muscle is less dependent on aerobic oxidation for energy reserves.

Duration of stunting impacts compensatory growth and carcass quality of farmed milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775) under field conditions

“…The present study found a significant reduction in body weight gain and specific growth rate of fish at the end of stunting phase. A significant reduction in body weight gain and SGR was reported in Oncorhynchus mykiss 10 , Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 17 , Argyrosomus regius 18 , Leiocassis longirostris 35 , Hippoglossus hippoglossus 43 , and Sparus aurata 44 in feed restriction or starvation or stunting conditions. African catfish exposed to 2 months of complete feed restriction showed significantly reduced body weight gain 13 .…”

“…In general, larger fish may require extended periods of stunting, to induce the ‘nutritional stress,’ than smaller fish to provoke a CG response 7,12 . Previous studies suggest that in restricted feeding (a stunting phase), fish displayed a significant reduction in body weight gain and survival 12–18 . Many studies found that, under favorable conditions, stunted fish exhibit better growth and feed utilization 16,17,19–22 .…”

Effects of fish oil substitution by hazelnut oil on growth performance, whole‐body fatty acid composition and enzymes of intermediary metabolism of juvenile meagre ( Argyrosomus regius Asso, 1801)

“…The muscle, however, seems to possess a more versatile role since it retains both an aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate exploitation. However, Chatzifotis et al, (2018) described the fluctuations of the L‐LDH, CS and MDH activity levels in the liver as well in the muscle at different time periods of meagre under starvation and different water temperatures.…”

“…The muscle, however, seems to possess a more versatile role since it retains both an aerobic and anaerobic carbohydrate exploitation. However, Chatzifotis et al, (2018) It has been reported for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) (Pelletier et al, 1994) that in growth-related tissues, such as muscle, liver and digestive tract, there is an correlation of glycolytic enzymes activity with growth rates. Our results showed an increased PK activity in three (intestine, heart and liver) of the examined tissues with increasing HO inclusion, whereas the PK activity in muscle for higher HO content was significantly reduced.…”

Πολύπλευρη διερεύνηση της αιτιολογίας της χρόνιας συστηματικής κοκκιωμάτωσης και της χρόνιας εκλωτικής δερματοπάθειας του κρανιού, Argyrosomus regius

“…Τα κλινικά σημάδια της ΧΕΔ σχετίζονται με αλλοιώσεις στα κανάλια της πλευρικής γραμμής στην περιοχή της κεφαλής των ψαριών, στην περίπτωση που η εκτροφή τους γίνεται με τη χρήση νερών που προέρχονται από γεώτρηση. (Antonopoulou et al 2020, Chatzifotis et al 2018.…”