Effects of long-term angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on cardiovascular variability in aging rats

Silva, Valdo José Dias da; Montano, Nicola; Salgado, Hélio César; Júnior, Rubens Fazan

doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2005.11.004

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…All detections were carefully checked to avoid erroneous or missed beats. Sequences of 200–250 beats were randomly chosen (Dabire et al, 1998; Dias da Silva et al, 2006) and if they presented non-stationary episodes, they were discarded and a new random selection was performed. Stationarity of the series was tested as previously reported (Porta et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension

Rigatto¹,

Casali²,

Shenoy³

et al. 2013

European Journal of Pharmacology

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We have previously demonstrated that diminazene aceturate (DIZE), a putative angiotensin 1–7 converting enzyme activator, protects rats from monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). The present study was conducted to determine if the beneficial effects of DIZE are associated with improvements in autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation. PH was induced in male rats by a single subcutaneous injection of MCT (50mg/kg). A subset of MCT rats were treated with DIZE (15mg/kg/day) for a period of 21 days, after which the ANS modulation was evaluated by spectral and symbolic analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). MCT administration resulted in a significant (P<0.001) increase in the right ventricular systolic pressure (62±14mmHg) when compared with other experimental groups (Control: 26±6; MCT+DIZE: 31±7mmHg), while DIZE treatment was able to decrease this pressure. Furthermore MCT-treated rats had significantly reduced total power of HRV than the controls. On the other hand, although not significant, a trend towards increased HRV was observed in the MCT+DIZE group (Control: 108±47; MCT: 12±8.86 and MCT+DIZE: 40±14), suggesting an improvement of the cardiac autonomic modulation. This observation was further confirmed by the low-frequency/high-frequency index of spectral analysis (Control: 0.74±0.62; MCT: 1.45±0.78 and MCT+DIZE: 0.34±0.49) which showed that DIZE treatment was able to recover the ANS imbalance observed in the MCT-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Collectively, our results demonstrate that MCT-induced PH is associated with a significant increase in sympathetic modulation and a decrease in HRV, which are markedly improved by DIZE treatment.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, two spectral components were considered: low frequency (LF), from 0.25 to 0.75 Hz; and high frequency (HF), from 0.75 to 3.00 Hz (Dabire et al, 1998; Dias da Silva et al, 2006; Murasato et al, 1998; Soares et al, 2004; Waki et al, 2006). The spectral components (ms2) were expressed in absolute (a) and normalized (nu) units.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension

Rigatto¹,

Casali²,

Shenoy³

et al. 2013

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…A Randomized Crossover Study sin II formation [8], decreases sympathetic activity [7] and increases endothelial function [14]. By acting on these mechanisms, it is possible to hypothesize that captopril may facilitate vasodilation after exercise, exacerbating SVR reduction and promoting a greater and longer PREH.…”

Section: Captopril Does Not Potentiate Post-exercise Hypotensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Captopril does not Potentiate Post-Exercise Hypotension: A Randomized Crossover Study

et al. 2017

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To evaluate whether captopril (3×50 mg/day) potentiates post-resistance exercise hypotension (PREH) in hypertensives (HT), 12 HT men received captopril and placebo for 4 weeks each in a double-blinded, randomized-crossover design. On each therapy, subjects underwent 2 sessions: Control (C - rest) and Resistance Exercise (RE - 7 exercises, 3 sets to moderate fatigue, 50% of 1 RM -repetition maximum). Measurements were taken before and after 30-60 min (Post1) and 7 h (Post2), and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) was monitored for 24 h. There were no differences in PREH characteristics and mechanisms between the placebo and captopril periods. At Post1, systolic/diastolic BP decreased significantly and similarly after RE with both therapies (Placebo=-13±2/-9±1 mmHg vs. Captopril=-12±2/-10±1 mmHg, P<0.05). RE reduced cardiac output in some subjects and systemic vascular resistance in others. Heart rate and cardiac sympathetic modulation increased, while stroke volume and baroreflex sensitivity decreased after RE (Placebo: +13±2 bpm, +21±5 nu, -11±5 ml, -4±2 ms/mmHg; Captopril: +13±2 bpm, +35±4 nu, 17±5 ml, -3±1 ms/mmHg, P<0.05). At Post2, all variables returned to pre-intervention values. Ambulatory BP was similar between the sessions. Thus, captopril did not potentiate the magnitude and duration of PREH in HT men, and it did not influence PREH mechanisms.

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“…Some studies have shown that ACEi treatment of hypertension in experimental animals and humans improves baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac autonomic modulation. [10][11][12] However, these results are controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise improves cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive patients independently of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment

et al. 2011

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We investigated the influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) treatment and physical exercise on arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in volunteer patients with hypertension. A total of 54 sedentary volunteers were divided into three groups: normotensive (NT Group), hypertensive (HT Group) and HT volunteers treated with ACEi (ACEi Group). All volunteers underwent an aerobic physical-training protocol for 15 weeks. HRV was investigated using a spectral analysis of a time series of R-R interval (RRi) that was obtained in a supine position and during a tilt test. Physical training promoted a significant reduction in the mean arterial pressure of the HT group (113 ± 3 vs. 106 ± 1 mm Hg) and the ACEi group (104 ± 2 vs. Keywords: aerobic physical training; angiotensin; heart rate variability INTRODUCTION Hypertension is highly prevalent in the adult population and represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. 1,2 This condition is directly related to the development of cardiovascular diseases, encephalic vascular accident and renal insufficiency. 3 The risk factors for hypertension are associated with many other factors, including lifestyle. 4 The excessive ingestion of salt and alcohol, obesity, smoking and sedentariness represent the main behavioral factors that contribute to the occurrence and development of hypertension. 5 The treatment of hypertension consists mainly of a pharmacological approach, and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis) are an important class of medications. 6 ACEis reduce arterial pressure (AP) by decreasing the peripheral vascular resistance, and they reduce cardiac hypertrophy and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. 7-9 Additionally, ACEis have an important role in cardiac autonomic control. Some studies have shown that ACEi treatment of hypertension in experimental animals and humans improves baroreflex

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Effects of long-term angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on cardiovascular variability in aging rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 47 publications

Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension

Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension

Captopril does not Potentiate Post-Exercise Hypotension: A Randomized Crossover Study

Physical exercise improves cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive patients independently of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment

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