Effects of light availability on growth, architecture and nutrient content of the seagrass Zostera noltii Hornem

Peralta, Gloria; Pérez‐Lloréns, José Lucas; Hernández, Ignacio; Vergara, Juan J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(01)00393-8

Cited by 146 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Macroalgae cover may reduce the C content of seagrasses for two reasons. First, light reduction by macroalgae mats may contribute to a decrease in photosynthetic activity of seagrasses (Brun et al, 2003;Huntington and Boyer, 2008;Peralta et al, 2002;Ralph et al, 2007). This can cause a subsequent reduction in root and rhizome growth of seagrasses (Hemminga, 1998), as rhizomes and roots are heterotrophic tissues depending on basipetal translocation of photosynthates and oxygen from active photosynthesizing leaves to persist (Zimmerman and Alberte, 1996).…”

Section: Fast Indicator Responses Of Seagrassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined nutrient and macroalgae loads lead to response in seagrass indicator properties

Han

Soissons

Bouma

et al. 2016

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oExcess nutrients are potential factors that drive phase shifts from seagrasses to macroalgae. We carried out a manipulative field experiment to study the effects of macroalgae Ulva pertusa loading and nutrient addition to the water column on the nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) contents (i.e., fast indicators) as well as on the morphology and structure (i.e., slow indicators) of Zostera marina. Our results showed rapid impact of increased macroalgae and nutrient load on Z. marina C/N ratios. Also, macroalgae addition resulted in a trend of decreasing belowground biomass of seagrasses, and nutrient load significantly decreased above to belowground biomass ratio. Although some morphological/structural variables showed relatively fast responses, the effects of short-term disturbance by macroalgae and nutrients were less often significant than on physiological variables. Monitoring of seagrass physiological indicators may allow for early detection of eutrophication, which may initiate timely management interventions to avert seagrass loss.

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Section: Fast Indicator Responses Of Seagrassesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined nutrient and macroalgae loads lead to response in seagrass indicator properties

Han

Soissons

Bouma

et al. 2016

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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“…Most of the studies on the effects of light reduction on seagrass survival and growth use neutral density screens to simulate such light conditions (Philippart 1995, Short et al 1995, Lee & Dunton 1997, Moore & Wetzel 2000, Peralta et al 2002. However, the major light-absorbing components (gilvin, tripton, phytoplankton and macroalgae) in the aquatic system are not optically neutral (Kirk 1983), which becomes evident under a dense blanket of ephemeral macroalgae.…”

Section: Zostera Noltii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, the effect of neutral screens on Zostera noltii growth and production has been assessed (Peralta et al 2002). The aim of this work was to study the effect of overgrowing Ulva rigida mats on dynamic properties, growth, elemental composition (C, N, P) and non-structural carbohydrates of the seagrass Z. noltii.…”

Section: Zostera Noltii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The culture was carried out under controlled temperature (20°C) and photoperiod (14:10 h light:dark) at low light (15 to 25 µmol m -2 s -1 ), close to the light compensation point for this species (Peralta et al 2000a(Peralta et al , 2002. Plants and seawater were sampled every 2 d, and jars were supplemented with 0.2 µM phosphate and 2 µM nitrate to prevent nutrient depletion.…”

Section: Zostera Noltii Culture With Labelled Dissolved Organic Carbomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the compensation irradiance for seagrass growth is higher than for most ephemeral macroalgae (Enriquez et al 1996), such light reduction may result in a negative carbon balance. The capacity to accumulate carbohydrates in the rhizomes allows seagrasses to support brief periods of shading (Peralta et al 2002, Brun et al 2003a), but these reserves cannot impede mortality when light reduction occurs over longer time spans (Gordon et al 1994, Onuf 1996, specially in 'small' seagrasses with a low storage capacity (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of shading by Ulva rigida canopies on growth and carbon balance of the seagrass Zostera noltii

Brun¹,

Vergara²,

Navarro³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The effects of macroalgae blooms on seagrasses were assessed by shading Zostera noltii Hornem. with Ulva rigida C. Agardh mats under laboratory and field conditions. In the laboratory, where there was no direct contact between U. rigida and Z. noltii, leaf, rhizome, and root elongation rates, as well as gross production, declined as a function of U. rigida layers, causing a mobilization of non-structural carbohydrates in both above-and belowground tissues to meet carbon demands. However, when shading was performed in the field, where direct contact exists between Z. noltii and U. rigida, Z. noltii responses were not proportional to the number of Ulva layers. Elongation rates and gross production were reduced by U. rigida shading, with the lowest values under 2 Ulva layers, while there were no significant differences between controls and 4 U. rigida layers. This suggests another Ulva effect occurs besides shading. To test the likely effect of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) derived from U. rigida, Z. noltii plants were cultured under light limitation with radioactive dissolved organic carbon (DO 14 C) released by U. rigida. Plants cultured under a full DO 14 C load showed a significant enhancement of growth. The DO 14 C disappeared from the culture medium during the first 4 d of culture as a linear function of external DO 14 C concentration. This was coupled to a linear increase of radioactive particulate organic carbon (PO 14 C) in aboveground tissues, while a substantial part of this PO 14 C was allocated in belowground tissues. Overall, the PO 14 C incorporated in Z. noltii plants represented ca. 20 to 25% of the DO 14 C which had disappeared. Therefore, a net transfer of DO 14 C from U. rigida to Z. noltii has been documented. Other additional possibilities, such as a light quality effect or other kind of signals (i.e. growth factors), are discussed.KEY WORDS: Eutrophication · Heterotrophic DOC uptake · Dissolved organic carbon · Seagrass · Non-structural carbohydrates · Light reduction Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Effects of experimental reduction of light and nutrient enrichments (N and P) on seagrasses: a review

Leoni

Vela

Pasqualini

et al. 2007

Aquatic Conservation

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ABSTRACT1. Excessive nutrient discharge, linked to human activities, is one of the main causes of the decline of seagrass meadows since it modifies two essential parameters controlling their primary production: the nutrient concentrations (especially nitrogen and phosphorus) and the irradiance.2. To investigate the behaviour of seagrass under varied conditions of light and/or nutrient concentrations, it is necessary to experimentally manipulate nutrient enrichment and light, either in situ or in artificial ecosystems. The available experimental information concerning the influences of light reduction and nutrient enrichments (N and P) on seagrass meadows are summarized.3. The protocols for experimentally reducing light vary considerably but all light reduction experiments show a decrease in seagrass vitality and physiological changes (e.g. promotes an increase in chlorophyll and tissue nitrogen), depending on the species-specific tolerance (light optima).4. A wide range of protocols for experimentally increasing nutrient levels have been applied, including varying the nutrient species quantities and ratios, as well as the sources and frequency of additions. Responses to N and/or P enrichment range from stimulation to direct or indirect inhibition, varying depending upon the species, the protocol implemented, the nutrient source (water column versus sediments), and other environmental conditions (e.g. interactions with factors such as temperature, grazing and light).5. Both light reduction and nutrient enrichment, can cause seagrass decline, through similar internal mechanisms, promoting an imbalance of internal nutrient supply ratios. Similar physiological responses can thus be observed (e.g. increase of N, P and chlorophyll contents of leaves).6. This study shows the close link between the physiology and morphology of seagrasses, with regard to environmental modifications. It also highlights their ability to provide information on environmental conditions by means of their responses.

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Effects of light availability on growth, architecture and nutrient content of the seagrass Zostera noltii Hornem

Cited by 146 publications

References 47 publications

Combined nutrient and macroalgae loads lead to response in seagrass indicator properties

Combined nutrient and macroalgae loads lead to response in seagrass indicator properties

Effect of shading by Ulva rigida canopies on growth and carbon balance of the seagrass Zostera noltii

Effects of experimental reduction of light and nutrient enrichments (N and P) on seagrasses: a review

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