Effects of lidocaine concentration on distal capillary blood flow in a rabbit ear model

Haines, Peter C.; Ranzoni, Joseph; Longnecker, David E.; Morgan, Raymond F.

doi:10.1002/micr.1920080205

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We found that the iontophoresis of lidocaine HCl 4% did not increase perfusion of port‐wine stains above baseline. Periarterial infiltration of lidocaine 4% in the rabbit ear model showed a biphasic response of distal skin perfusion: intitial reduction in flux was replaced after 6 minutes with hyperperfusion 17 . Iontophoresis of lidocaine is capable of increasing skin perfusion in normal skin 13 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iontophoresis of Lidocaine for Anesthesia during Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Port‐Wine Stains

Kennard

Whitaker

1992

The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology

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Port-wine stains may be effectively ablated using the pulsed dye laser emitting at a wavelength of 577 or 585 nm. However, the discomfort of this therapy may be severe enough to require reduction of treatment duration thereby increasing the need for repeat sessions. Currently available methods of anesthesia or sedation for pulsed dye laser therapy have drawbacks to their use. We performed a prospective double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the iontophoresis of lidocaine HCl 4% and lidocaine HCl 4% with epinephrine 1:50,000 for local anesthesia during pulsed dye laser ablation of port-wine stains. Eleven patients with port-wine stains completed the initial phase of the study. Pain scale evaluation by patients demonstrated significant decreases in the discomfort of pulsed dye laser impulses by the iontophoresis of lidocaine HCl 4% and lidocaine HCl 4% with epinephrine 1:50,000 (P less than .0001), with no significant difference between these treatments. Follow-up evaluation suggests that iontophoresis has no detrimental effect on pulsed dye laser ablation of port-wine stains, despite significant decreases in perfusion, as measured by laser Doppler velocimetry, of port-wine stain areas receiving iontophoresis of lidocaine with epinephrine. Iontophoresis of lidocaine HCl 4% with or without epinephrine is a safe and effective method of local anesthesia for pulsed dye laser therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iontophoresis of Lidocaine for Anesthesia during Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Port‐Wine Stains

Kennard

Whitaker

1992

The Journal of Dermatologic Surgery and Oncology

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“…Aqueous solutions of lidocaine have been widely used topically to treat vasospasm in microvascular surgery (5). Higher concentrations of lidocaine have been recommended for faster resolution of vasospasm (3,6,7).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparison of absorption of aqueous lidocaine and liposome lidocaine following topical application on rabbit vessels

Hou

1994

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Liposomes are small particles that encapsulate lidocaine to form topical drug carriers. Forty rabbits were used to compare the absorption of aqueous lidocaine with that of liposome lidocaine after application of each on femoral and iliac vessels. Both agents entered the circulation rapidly. The serum levels of lidocaine were significantly lower and the peaks in concentration appeared later after the use of liposome lidocaine than after the use of aqueous lidocaine. This phenomenon was due to local accumulation of liposome lidocaine and slow release of lidocaine from the liposome. As a topical spasmolytic agent, liposome lidocaine may be superior to the aqueous form due to a lower serum concentration and less total absorption.

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“…Although numerous agents have been studied, we decided to compare papaverine and 1% lidocaine because these are two of the more commonly used agents clinically. Lidocaine has been used for many years in microvascular surgery, 1,2 and papverine is the agent of choice for microvascular procedures at our institution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Topical Vasodilating Agents on Microvascular Vessel Diameter in the Rat Model

Kerschner

Futran

1996

The Laryngoscope

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Topical vasodilating agents maximize blood flow and prevent vasospasm in microvascular tissue-transfer procedures. Two commonly used agents are papaverine and lidocaine. Although these drugs have vasodilating properties, no studies have directly compared their vasodilating abilities in a controlled, in vivo model. We used videomicroscopy and direct microscopic measurements to compare the vasodilating capacity of papaverine, 1% lidocaine, and saline solution in the femoral artery of Sprague-Dawley rats. Degree of maximum dilation, ability to sustain dilation, average dilation over a 10-minute period, and time to achieve maximum dilation were considered. Both papaverine and lidocaine were found to be superior to saline solution as vasodilating agents. Papaverine was found to sustain vasodilation longer than lidocaine, suggesting that it is a superior vasodilating agent in microvascular anastomoses.

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Effects of lidocaine concentration on distal capillary blood flow in a rabbit ear model

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Iontophoresis of Lidocaine for Anesthesia during Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Port‐Wine Stains

Iontophoresis of Lidocaine for Anesthesia during Pulsed Dye Laser Treatment of Port‐Wine Stains

Comparison of absorption of aqueous lidocaine and liposome lidocaine following topical application on rabbit vessels

The Effect of Topical Vasodilating Agents on Microvascular Vessel Diameter in the Rat Model

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