Effects of level of dietary fibre from wheat bran on digestibility of nutrients, digestive enzymes and performance in the european Large White and Chinese Mei Shan pig

Février, C.; Bourdon, D.; Aumaı̂tre, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0396.1992.tb00618.x

Cited by 35 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Nevertheless, there is controversial -E-mail: jose.aguilera@eez.csic.es information on the digestive capacity of indigenous pig breeds compared with lean-type pigs. Some authors have reported higher TTAD coefficients in obese-type pigs compared with lean pigs (Fé vrier et al, 1992;Freire et al, 2003). In contrast, Morales et al (2002) and Rivera-Ferre et al (2006) found lower TTAD coefficients for Iberian pigs (IB) when compared with Landrace pigs at the same stage of growth (fattening (90 to 110 kg BW) and post-weaning (25 to 35 kg BW) pigs, respectively), which may contribute to explaining the poorer nutrient utilization of the IB genotype.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pig genotype (Iberian v. Landrace × Large White) on nutrient digestibility, relative organ weight and small intestine structure at two stages of growth

Barea

Nieto

Vitari

et al. 2011

Animal

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Although the effects of pig genotype on total-tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) have been widely reported in the literature, there is controversial information on the digestive capacity of indigenous breeds compared with lean-type pigs. The strategy of this study was to test the effects of pig genotype and crude protein (CP) supply on performance, digestive utilization of nutrients, relative organ weight and morphometric analysis of the small intestine. Thirty-eight Iberian (IB) and Landrace 3 Large White (LD) pigs were used. Three pigs per genotype were slaughtered at approximately 15 kg BW. The remaining pigs were fed one of two diets differing in CP content (13% or 17% as fed) using a pair-fed procedure. Feeding level was restricted at 0.8 3 ad libitum of IB pigs. Nutrient digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance trials were performed at 30 and 80 kg BW. Four pigs per dietary treatment and genotype were slaughtered at approximately 50 and 115 kg BW. The gastrointestinal tract and the rest of the visceral organs were weighed and samples of the small intestine were taken to carry out histological and histometrical studies. Daily gain and gain-to-feed ratio were higher in LD than in IB pigs during the fattening and growing-fattening periods ( P , 0.01). N TTAD was significantly higher for LD pigs at 30 kg BW ( P , 0.05), whereas at 80 kg BW we observed greater values for digestibility of organic matter and energy in IB pigs (averaging 1.5%, P , 0.01). Both N retention (NR) and efficiency of NR were increased in LD pigs at 30 and 80 kg BW (30% as mean value). The proportional weight of the small intestine was greater in LD than in IB pigs at 50 and 115 kg BW. Histometry showed that IB presented a lower muscle layer thickness than LD pigs in ileum, irrespective of the BW ( P , 0.05). In contrast, LD pigs showed approximately 10% higher ileal villi length and villi-to-crypt ratio than IB pigs at 115 kg BW. CP supply affected to a larger extent the small intestinal micro-anatomical structure of LD pigs at 50 kg BW. In conclusion, our results suggests that although the higher growth rate, NR and efficiency of NR observed in LD pigs might be associated with presumably more efficient structural aspects of the small intestine, the main differences between the two genotypes should be attributed to a larger extent to protein and energy utilization in tissues with consequences for the overall efficiency of energy use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pig genotype (Iberian v. Landrace × Large White) on nutrient digestibility, relative organ weight and small intestine structure at two stages of growth

Barea

Nieto

Vitari

et al. 2011

Animal

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“…Variations in diet composition, feed technology, animal development (BW) or animal breed can impact digestibility coefficients of nutrients and energy (Le Gall et al, 2009). With regard to breed effects, comparing Asian breeds with commercial European lines in pig has generally shown that commercial European lines have a lower digestive efficiency than Asian populations, especially when given fibrous feeds (Kemp et al, 1991;Fé vrier et al, 1992;Morel et al, 2006;Len et al, 2009a). On the other hand, recent selection experiments in pigs reported no difference in digestive efficiency between pigs divergently selected for residual feed intake (de Haer et al, 1993;Barea et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of genetic variability for digestive efficiency in the growing pig fed a fibrous diet

Noblet

Gilbert²,

Jaguelin-Peyraud

et al. 2013

Animal

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Energy digestibility in the growing pig increases with BW increase and may differ between breeds of pigs or between lines selected on criteria other than digestion. However, little is known about the variability in energy digestibility within a line or a breed of pigs, especially when fibrous diets are fed. For this purpose, 20 Large White castrated male growing pigs originating from four boars (five per boar), and three to four sows per boar, were fed a high dietary fibre (DF) diet (18% NDF) and measured over 10 consecutive weeks (30 to 95 kg BW range) for their apparent faecal energy, nitrogen and organic matter digestibility. Each week, faeces were totally collected over 5 days and the feed dry matter intake over the same days was recorded. All digestibility coefficients increased regularly ( P , 0.001) over the experimental periods or with BW increase (10.6 point/10 kg BW increase for energy); this rate of increase was not affected by boar origin (no interaction; P . 0.05). The digestibility coefficients were affected by boar origin ( P , 0.005 for energy), with about 2 points for energy between the extremes (81.7% v. 79.5%), and there was no marked interaction between boar origin and period. These preliminary results suggest the possibility of selecting growing pigs for an increased digestive efficiency when fed high DF diets.Keywords: growing pig, digestibility, genetic variability, BW, dietary fibre ImplicationsOur study suggests that growing pigs can be selected for improved nutrients and energy digestibility, especially if fed on a high dietary fibre diet. This study also confirms the increase in energy digestibility with BW increase; this increase would be independent on genetic background. A single digestibility measurement carried out at 60 to 70 kg BW would be representative for evaluating genetic differences in energy digestibility in growing-finishing pigs. The mechanisms involved in the genetic differences of digestion (microbiote, genomics, gut structure and physiology, etc.) deserve further studies. Routine methods for evaluating the digestibility on large numbers of pigs should also be proposed.

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“…Nonetheless, the use of maize cobs as a feed ingredient in pig nutrition is limited by high fibre (930 g neutral detergent fibre (NDF)/kg dry matter (DM); 573 g acid detergent fibre (ADF)/kg DM) and low protein (35.5 g crude protein (CP)/kg DM) contents (Viljoen, 1993;Ndindana et al, 2002;Kanengoni et al, 2004). High dietary fibre increases the rate of feed passage in the pig gut, and sequestrates nutrients in the fibre matrix, reducing their digestion (Stanogias & Pearce, 1985;Fevrier et al, 1992). Fibre levels in maize cobs should be reduced to improve their nutritive contribution to pig diets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of whey, molasses and exogenous enzymes on the ensiling characteristics, nutrient composition and aerobic stability of maize cobs

Kanengoni¹,

Nkosi²,

Chimonyo³

et al. 2016

SA J. An. Sci.

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The study was conducted to assess the effects of whey, molasses and exogenous enzymes on fermentation, aerobic stability and nutrient composition of ensiled maize cobs. Five treatments were ensiled in 1.5 L anaerobic glass jars over 32 days, namely i) control (maize cobs without additives (CON); ii) maize cobs with sugarcane molasses only (MOL); iii) MOL and whey (MOW); iv) MOW and exogenous enzyme at 0.5 g/kg maize cob mixture (ENZ1) and v) MOW and exogenous enzyme at 1 g/kg maize cob mixture (ENZ2). There was a day effect on gross energy (GE) for CON, MOL, ENZ1 and ENZ2 and none for MOW. There was a day effect in ADF for MOL, ENZ1 and ENZ2 and none for CON and MOW. There was lower dry matter (DM) on day 32 compared with day 0 for all treatments. There were treatment effects for GE, crude protein (CP), ash, ether extract, amylase-treated neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre (ADF). On day 32, the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and ADF concentrations in CON were higher than in MOL, MOW and ENZ2. At day 32, CON silage pH (4.2) was lower than the pH values of ENZ1 (4.5) and ENZ2 (4.6) silages. Acetic acid levels were higher in ENZ1 than ENZ2 silages. Ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 -N) levels averaged 25 ± 6.6 g NH 3 -N/kg total nitrogen, which is indicative of satisfactory ensiling. The MOL, ENZ1 and ENZ2 silages produced more carbon dioxide than CON and MOW silages. The addition of molasses and whey did not improve the nutritive quality of the maize cobs after ensiling. Ensiling maize cobs with molasses, whey and exogenous enzymes resulted in lower DM and fibre levels in the maize cobs, which could enhance intake and digestibility of nutrients when offered to pigs as a component of a balanced diet. Further investigations using higher concentrations of whey and molasses are warranted to improve the energy and protein composition of the maize cobs. ______________________________________________________________________________________

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Effects of level of dietary fibre from wheat bran on digestibility of nutrients, digestive enzymes and performance in the european Large White and Chinese Mei Shan pig

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of pig genotype (Iberian v. Landrace × Large White) on nutrient digestibility, relative organ weight and small intestine structure at two stages of growth

Effects of pig genotype (Iberian v. Landrace × Large White) on nutrient digestibility, relative organ weight and small intestine structure at two stages of growth

Evidence of genetic variability for digestive efficiency in the growing pig fed a fibrous diet

Effects of whey, molasses and exogenous enzymes on the ensiling characteristics, nutrient composition and aerobic stability of maize cobs

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