Effects of intravenous lidocaine, ketamine, and the combination on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs

Wilson, Jeanne M.; Doherty, Thomas J; Egger, Christine; Fidler, Andrew; Cox, Sherry; Rohrbach, Barton W

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00389.x

Cited by 79 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Moran-Muñoz et al (2014) demonstrated a reduction of sevoflurane MAC of 27% (from 1.82 vol% to 1.38 vol%) in dogs using lidocaine and ketamine. Similarly, Wilson et al (2008) obtained a reduction of 22% to 39% using a lidocaine infusion at different doses. These authors also demonstrated a decrease in the MAC of sevoflurane by between 40% and 44% using infusions of ketamine in low and high doses in dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have evaluated the effect of drugs combinations administered by continuous IV infusion on the requirement for inhalational agents. Studies with sevoflurane have obtained different basal MAC: 2.2-2.3 vol% (Matsubara et al 2009, Columbano et al 2012) and 1.82-1.9 vol% (Wilson et al 2008, Itami et al 2011, Itami et al 2013, Moran-Muñoz et al 2014. This variation may be due to methodological differences, since various stimuli can be applied, such as electrical stimulation, surgical incisions, digital pressure, tail clamping or movement of the endotracheal tube (Ebert & Schmid 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response to the stimulus was considered positive if the animal made any gross movement of the head or limbs (Ewing et al 1993). The ETsevo set for the first animal of the TRA group was defined as 1.8 vol% and for the first animal in the TLK group was 1.4 vol% (Wilson et al 2008, Itami et al 2013. When the animal responded negatively (no movement), the ETsevo for the next animal was reduced by 0.1 vol%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect may be increased by adding an opioid, as they are capable of promoting sedation in addition to being potent analgesics (Koppert 2004). Studies have shown that the combination of ketamine, lidocaine along with morphine or fentanyl in a continuous infusion decreased the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of inhalational anesthetic agents in horses (Muir 2010, Villalba et al 2011) and dogs (Wilson et al 2008, Aguado et al 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of continuous intravenous infusion of tramadol and tramadol-lidocaine-ketamine in the sevoflurane requirement in dogs

et al. 2017

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RESUMO.-[Comparação da infusão continua intravenosa de tramadol e de tramadol-lidocaína-cetamina no requerimento de sevofluorano em cães.] O objetivodeste estudo foi comparar a influência da infusão contínua intravenosa do tramadol isolado e associado com lidocaína e cetamina, na concentração alveolar mínima de sevofluorano (CAMsevo) em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia. Foram utilizados 28 animais saudáveis de várias raças e idades, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos de acordo com a infusão adminstrada: TRA (tramadol) ou TLK (tramadol, lidocaína e cetamina). A medicação pré-anestésica foi realizada com acepromazina e midazolam, em seguida, a anestesia foi induzida com propofol e mantida com sevofluorano. Quinze minutos após a indução, os pacientes receberam um bolus do tratamento, com a infusão continua iniciada logo em seguida, sendo 1,3mg/kg/ hora de tramadol, associado ou não a 3mg/kg/hora de lidocaína e 0,6mg/kg/hora de cetamina, diluidos em uma bolsa The objective of this study was to compare the influence of continuous intravenous infusion of tramadol alone, or tramadol combined with lidocaine and ketamine, on minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane (MACsevo) of dogs undergoing an ovariohysterectomy (OHE). We used 28 healthy dogs of various breeds and age, randomly divided into two groups according to the infusion given: TRA (tramadol alone) or TLK (tramadol, lidocaine and ketamine). The patients were premedicated with acepromazine and midazolam, and then anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. Fifteen minutes after induction, the patients received their loading dose of treatment. Then, the continuous infusion was then set to 1.3mg/kg/hour of tramadol with or without 3mg/kg/ hour of lidocaine and 0.6mg/kg/hour of ketamine, diluted in a 500mL bag of saline solution at an infusion rate of 10mL/kg/hour. The Dixon method was chosen to determine the MACsevo and a skin incision was used as a noxious stimulus. An unpaired Student's t-test was used to identify statistically significant differences between the treatments. These differences were considered significant when p<0.05. The MACsevo of the TRA group was 1.22±0.15 vol% and the MACsevo of the TLK group was 0.85±0.22 vol%. We conclude that TLK infusion decreased the MACsevo by 30.22% compared to tramadol alone, demonstrating that the combination of drugs was effective in reducing MACsevo in dogs.INDEX TERMS: Tramadol, tramadol-lidocaine-ketamine, sevoflurane, dogs, analgesia, anesthesia, inhalant, MAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of continuous intravenous infusion of tramadol and tramadol-lidocaine-ketamine in the sevoflurane requirement in dogs

et al. 2017

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“…) and ketamine (50 µg kg -1 minute -1 ) reduced the MAC of sevoflurane by 62.8% in dogs (WILSON et al, 2008), whereas administering a similar course of drugs in goats led to a 69.4% decrease (DOHERTY et al, 2007). However, there are no reports or studies that have examined the association of morphine-lidocaineketamine (MLK) in ruminants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of the morphine-lidocaine-ketamine combination on cardiopulmonary function and isoflurane sparing in sheep

Beier

Rosa

Oleskovicz³

et al. 2014

Sem. Ci. Agr.

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The aims of this study were to evaluate the isoflurane sparing and clinical effects of a constant rate infusion of morphine -lidocaine -ketamine (MLK) in healthy sheep undergoing experimental gastrointestinal surgery. Twelve adult female sheep (Texel breed) were used, weighing 36.5 ± 8.1 kg. The sheep were anesthetized for the implantation of duodenal cannulas. The sheep were premedicated with 0.3 mg kg -1 intramuscular (IM) morphine and 20 µg kg -1 intravenous (IV) detomidine. After premedication, anesthesia was induced using 5 mg kg -1 ketamine and 0.5 mg kg -1 diazepam IV and maintained using isoflurane in 100% oxygen. After the induction of anesthesia, the animals were allocated into two groups (each n=6); the GMLK (MLK group -10 mg morphine, 150 mg lidocaine, 30 mg de ketamine were added in 500 mL saline) received a 10 mL kg -1 h -1 MLK infusion during the maintenance of anesthesia, and GCON (control group) received 10 mL kg -1 h -1 of 0.9% sodium chloride. The animals were mechanically ventilated. Cardiopulmonary variables and end-tidal isoflurane concentration (FE´Iso) were measured at baseline (immediately before the surgery) and 15, 30 and 45 minutes after initiation of surgery. In GMLK, there was a decrease in the FE´Iso at 15, 30 and 45 minutes, a reduction of up to 75.6% during the surgery. The HR was lower in GMLK compared with GCON at 30 minutes, and the MAP was at during baseline in GCON compared with GMLK. The standing time was less in GMLK than in GCON. The use of intravenous MLK was demonstrated to offer great efficiency as part of a balanced anesthesia protocol in sheep, with a 75.6% reduction in the need for isoflurane, providing stability of the cardiovascular parameters and blood gases with a shortened recovery period. Key words: Sheep, morphine, lidocaine, ketamine, isoflurane ResumoOs objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a redução na concentração expirada de isoflurano, bem como os efeitos clínicos de uma infusão constante de morfina -lidocaína -cetamina (MLK) em ovinos saudáveis submetidos a cirurgia gastrointestinal experimental. Foram utilizados doze ovinos adultos da raça Texel, fêmeas, pesando 36,5 ± 8,1 kg. Os animais foram anestesiados para implantação de cânulas no duodeno, sendo pré-medicados com morfina 0,3 mg kg -1 , pela via intramuscular (IM), e detomidina 20 ug kg -1 pela via intravenosa (IV). Após a pré-medicação, a anestesia foi induzida com cetamina 5 mg kg -1 e diazepam 0,5 mg kg -1 IV, sendo mantidos com isoflurano em oxigênio a 100%. Após a indução da anestesia os animais foram divididos em dois grupos (n = 6): GMLK (grupo MLK -10 mg de morfina, 150 mg de lidocaína e 30 mg de cetamina foram adicionados em 500 ml de solução salina) que recebeu infusão contínua de MLK na taxa de 10 mL kg

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Cardiovascular Disease

Congdon¹

2014

Canine and Feline Anesthesia and Co‐Existing Disease

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Effects of intravenous lidocaine, ketamine, and the combination on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs

Cited by 79 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of continuous intravenous infusion of tramadol and tramadol-lidocaine-ketamine in the sevoflurane requirement in dogs

Comparison of continuous intravenous infusion of tramadol and tramadol-lidocaine-ketamine in the sevoflurane requirement in dogs

Effects of the morphine-lidocaine-ketamine combination on cardiopulmonary function and isoflurane sparing in sheep

Cardiovascular Disease

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