Effects of Intraspecific Competition in the Indian Meal-Moth (Plodia interpunctella Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) on Populations of the Moth and its Parasite Nemeritis canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Podoler, H.

doi:10.2307/3528

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Short generation times coupled with tightly controlled conditions means that observed dynamical patterns arise directly from intrinsic population processes such as competition. Among several model species used, experiments with pyralid stored‐product moths have shown that the nature of competition‐derived mortality in single species interactions can vary from density‐independent through density‐dependent contest‐competition, where asymmetries in size leads to cohorts of large individuals out‐competing cohorts of small individuals, to density‐dependent scramble‐competition, where scarce resources limit size‐class asymmetries and competition between individuals is equal (Snyman 1949; Rogers 1970; Benson 1973; Podoler 1974; Mbata 1990; Reed 1998; Bernstein, Heizmann & Desouhant 2002; Lane & Mills 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐species asymmetric competition: effects of age structure on intra‐ and interspecific interactions

Cameron

Wearing

Rohani

et al. 2006

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Summary1. The patterns of density-dependent resource competition and the mechanisms leading to competitive exclusion in an experimental two-species insect age-structured interaction were investigated. 2. The modes of competition (scramble or contest) and strength of competition (underto overcompensatory) operating within and between the stages of the two species was found to be influenced by total competitor density, the age structure of the competitor community and whether competition is between stages of single or two species. 3. The effect of imposed resource limitation on survival was found to be asymmetric between stages and species. Environments supporting both dominant and subordinate competitors were found to increase survival of subordinate competitors at lower total competitor densities. Competitive environments during development within individual stage cohorts (i.e. small or large larvae), differed from the competitive environment in lumped age classes (i.e. development from egg → pupae). 4. Competition within mixed-age, stage or species cohorts, when compared with uniform-aged or species cohorts, altered the position of a competitive environment on the scramble-contest spectrum. In some cases the competitive environment switched from undercompensatory contest to overcompensatory scramble competition. 5. Such switching modes of competition suggest that the relative importance of the mechanisms regulating single-species population dynamics (i.e. resource competition) may change when organisms are embedded within a wider community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐species asymmetric competition: effects of age structure on intra‐ and interspecific interactions

Cameron

Wearing

Rohani

et al. 2006

Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…Venturia canescens has primarily been used as a model organism for population dynamics, evolutionary ecology and immunology, amongst other studies. With respect to its efficacy as biocontrol agent, several laboratory and field studies have examined its potential against Pyralids such as Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Ahmad, 1936; Corbet & Rotheram, 1965; Kurstak, 1966; Elliot et al ., 1983; Harvey & Vet, 1997), Cadra cautella (Press et al ., 1977, 1982), Ephestia elutella (Schöller, 2000a, 2000b), Plodia interpunctella (Podoler, 1974a,b;Harvey & Thompson, 1995; Harvey et al ., 2001; Heinlein et al ., 2002) and Corcyra cephalonica (Harvey & Thompson, 1995; Harvey et al ., 1996). However, it should be mentioned that there has been no commercial application of V. canescens as a bioconrol agent to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of biotic and abiotic factors on reproductive parameters of the synovigenic endoparasitoid Venturia canescens

Eliopoulos

Harvey

Athanassiou

et al. 2003

Physiological Entomology

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Abstract. The main effects and interactions of adult age, access to food and host deprivation, on the egg load of Venturia canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), a larval parasitoid of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and other pyralids, were studied in the laboratory. Intraspecific variation in the number of ovarioles was also studied. There was a positive and significant correlation between wasp size and both egg load and ovariole number, with the reproductive system of large wasps containing significantly more ovarioles and mature eggs than small wasps. Newly emerged adult wasps contained 27 AE 2.4 ovulated (mature) eggs in their lateral oviducts. Access to food and host deprivation were the only conditions under which egg load increased with parasitoid age. Wasps that had access to hosts immediately after emergence showed a significant decline in their egg complement, irrespective of food presence. Under conditions of both host and food deprivation, there was practically no alteration of egg load with parasitoid age. A three-way analysis of variance revealed that egg load varies significantly with food or host access but not with parasitoid age. All interactions among the three factors were significant. It is confirmed that there is no egg resorption in V. canescens and that egg production stops in the absence of food.

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“…Phipps (1965) had observed a reduction in weight of Zonocerus variegatus (Linn.) Under high larval densities, space and food are limited and growth activities are inhibited (Takahashi, 1959b;Smith, 1969;Podoler, 1974). Also Takahashi (1956) observed reduced weight of almond moths that experienced crowding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High larval densities of stored products moths have been known to lead to larval competition for food which, consequently, caused mortality, delays in development and reduced weight of progenies (Takahashi, 1959a;Smith, 1969;Podoler, 1974;Bell, 1976a). In some strains oiPlodia interpunctella (Hubner), high larval density has been shown to induce density-dependent diapause (Tsuji, 1959;Bell, 1976b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the intraspecific larval interaction in a laboratory culture of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on two food media

Mbata

1990

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Laboratory studies were carried out to determine the effect of high larval densities of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) on the development and survival of the moth in two food media. Mortality was found to be higher when reared on groundnuts than on artificial diet. Mortality was between 6.6 and 13.3% when larval densities were below five larvae on 3 g of both groundnuts and the artificial diet in 75 x 25 mm tubes. At higher larval densities (10 or more larvae on 3 g of medium) mortality ranged from 22.5 to 60% on the artificial diet, and on groundnuts it was between 30 and 65%. In both media, development period was prolonged and weights of moths at emergence was lower when larval densities were greater than 10 per tube.When high densities were experienced between the first and the fourth instars individuals had protracted development, high mortality at larval stage and reduced weights of emerged adults and those subjected to high densities only at the final instars were less significantly affected. It seems that the fourth larval instar is the stage most sensitive to high densities. Resume-Des etudes de laboratoire ont ete faites pour determiner l'effet de la concentration intraspecifique larvaire de Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) sur le developpement et la survie du lepidoptere dans deux aliments. La mortalite s'est montree plus elevee dans des arachides que dans une culture lepidoptere. La mortalite etait entre 6,6 pour cent et 13,3 pour cent quand la densite larvaire etait au-dessous de 5 larves par 3 g d'arachides ou de culture lepidoptere preparee dans des tubes de 75 mm x 25 mm. Avec des densites plus e'leve'es (10 et au-dessus de 10 par 3 g de culture), la mortalite se situait entre 22,5 pour cent et 60 pour cent pour la culture lepidoptere, et entre 30 pour cent et 65 pour cent pour les arachides. Dans les deux cultures, la periode de developpement etait allongee et Ie poids des lepidopteres a l'emergence decroissait quand les densites larvaires etaient au-dessus de 10 per tube.Les larves soumises a la concentration entre le ler et Ie 4eme instars ont manifeste un developpement prolonge, une mortalite larvaire plus elevee et des poids d'adultes emergents reduits, alors que les larves soumises a la concentration seulement aux derniers instars etaient moins affectees. II semble que Ie 4eme instar soit le plus sensible a la concentration.

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Effects of Intraspecific Competition in the Indian Meal-Moth (Plodia interpunctella Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) on Populations of the Moth and its Parasite Nemeritis canescens (Gravenhorst) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Two‐species asymmetric competition: effects of age structure on intra‐ and interspecific interactions

Two‐species asymmetric competition: effects of age structure on intra‐ and interspecific interactions

Effect of biotic and abiotic factors on reproductive parameters of the synovigenic endoparasitoid Venturia canescens

Studies on the intraspecific larval interaction in a laboratory culture of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on two food media

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