Effects of insemination–ovulation interval on fertilization rates and embryo characteristics in dairy cattle

Roelofs, J.B.; Graat, E.A.M.; Mullaart, E.; Soede, N.M.; Voskamp-Harkema, W.; Kemp, B.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.07.005

Cited by 80 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the present study, the overall time elapsed from estrous onset to ovulation was higher to those reported in other studies in dairy and beef cattle, for which time from estrous onset to ovulation was up to 32.9 h (Wiltbank et al, 1967) or averaged 20-30 h (Roelofs et al, 2006;Peter et al, 2009), while in averaged 24.4 h in other Bos species (Bos frontalis; Mondal et al, 2006) Although synchronization in this study did have an effect on the subsequent ovulation timing, similar ovulation times have been reported between PGF2α-induced and spontaneous estrous (Cárdenas et al, 1991;Pinheiro et al, 1998). The longer time from onset of synchronized to ovulation, when compared to the spontaneous estrous may be due to incomplete luteolysis after PGF2α or interference of the hormone protocol with follicular dynamics (Drillich et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Estrous behavior, ovulatory follicle dynamics, and corpus luteum size in Creole cows after spontaneous or prostaglandin F2α-induced estrous

Quezada‐Casasola

Avendaño‐Reyes

Macías‐Cruz

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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(Received: August 9, 2014; accepted: March 4, 2015) doi: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v28n4a02 Summary Background: evaluation of reproductive behavior in Creole cows is important to determine several parameters, such as fertility, that show the physiologic reproductive mechanisms under different conditions. Therefore, the sequence of events such as ovulation and the subsequent formation of a corpus luteum need to be considered to establish genetic improvement programs under synchronized or naturally-occurring estrous conditions. Objective: to evaluate the ovarian and behavioral estrous characteristics before, during and after prostaglandin F2α-induced or naturally occurring estrous in Creole cows. Methods: thirty Creole cows were subjected to estrous synchronization with PGF2α and observed continuously over five days to determine estrous onset and duration. Seventeen days after synchronized estrous detection, cows were observed during seven d to detect the naturally-occurring estrous and its duration. After the onset of both types of estrous the ovaries of each cow were ultrasounded every 8 h to determine diameter of the preovulatory follicle at deviation and

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Estrous behavior, ovulatory follicle dynamics, and corpus luteum size in Creole cows after spontaneous or prostaglandin F2α-induced estrous

Quezada‐Casasola

Avendaño‐Reyes

Macías‐Cruz

et al. 2015

Rev Colomb Cienc Pecu

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“…This may initially seem appropriate because it allows for the 6 to 8 h required for the sustained phase of sperm transport to the site of fertilization and sperm capacitation (Hunter and Wilmut, 1983;Wilmut and Hunter, 1984), however, the degree of variation in the AI to ovulation interval is a major concern for pregnancy outcomes to AI based on activity. Overall, 21% of cows received AI between 0 and 12 h after ovulation (Figure 4), a timing associated with low fertilization rates and embryo quality in lactating dairy cows (Roelofs et al, 2006), possibly due to aging of the oocyte. By contrast, only one cow was inseminated more than 24 h before ovulation (Figure 4), a period that results in high fertilization rates but low embryo quality, possibly due to aging of spermatozoa (Roelofs et al, 2006).…”

Section: Timing Of Ai Relative To Behavioral Estrusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, 21% of cows received AI between 0 and 12 h after ovulation (Figure 4), a timing associated with low fertilization rates and embryo quality in lactating dairy cows (Roelofs et al, 2006), possibly due to aging of the oocyte. By contrast, only one cow was inseminated more than 24 h before ovulation (Figure 4), a period that results in high fertilization rates but low embryo quality, possibly due to aging of spermatozoa (Roelofs et al, 2006). Based on data from Valenza et al (2012), it may be beneficial to either reduce the variation in the AI to ovulation interval so that more cows are inseminated at the optimal time in relation to ovulation, or alternatively, to inseminate cows a few hours earlier to reduce the probability of Figure 2 Observed prevalence of anovulation (bars) and number of cows (line) by body condition score category.…”

Section: Timing Of Ai Relative To Behavioral Estrusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and detection of estrus in dairy cows: the role of new technologies

Fricke

Carvalho

Giordano

et al. 2014

Animal

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Despite the widespread adoption of hormonal synchronization protocols that allow for timed artificial insemination (AI), detection of estrus plays an important role in the reproductive management program on most dairies in the United States. Increased physical activity is a secondary sign of estrus in dairy cattle, and a new generation of electronic systems that continuously monitor physical activity to predict timing of AI have been developed and marketed to the dairy industry. A variety of management and physiologic challenges inhibit detection of behavioral estrus on farms, but the prevalence of anouvular cows near the end of the voluntary waiting period is particularly problematic. Only 70% of lactating Holstein cows were detected in estrus when using an activity monitoring system, with the remaining 20% of cows classified as anovular and 10% ovulating without showing signs of activity. Mean time of AI in relation to ovulation based on the activity monitoring system was acceptable for most of the cows with increased activity, however, variability in the duration of estrus and timing of AI in relation to ovulation could result in poor pregnancy outcomes in some cows. Use of a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol for submission of cows for first AI has been widely adopted by dairies in the United States, and a combined approach in which AI based on activity is followed by submission of cows not detected with activity to timed AI after synchronization of ovulation may be an effective strategy for submission of cows to first AI. Based on a field trial on a large commercial dairy in the United States, the activity monitoring system detected 70% of cows with increased activity after the second PGF 2α injection of a Presynch-Ovsynch protocol, however, cows inseminated to increased activity had fewer pregnancies per AI (P/AI) compared with cows with increased activity after the second PGF 2α injection that received timed AI after completing the Presynch-Ovsynch protocol. Based on an economic model comparing reproductive management programs with varying levels of AI to estrus v. timed AI, the rate of estrus detection and the P/AI to inseminations based on AI to detected estrus v. timed AI affected the decision to inseminate based on activity v. timed AI. In conclusion, an activity monitoring system detected increased activity in about 70% of lactating Holstein cows on a large commercial dairy in the United States, however, synchronization of ovulation and timed AI was beneficial to inseminate cows not detected with increased activity by the activity monitoring system.

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“…Bartolome et al (2004) No caso das novilhas que apresentaram ovulação antes da inseminação (FD ovulatórios em D11), também não houve diferenças quando relacionadas com a taxa de gestação. Roelofs et al (2006) e Dalton e Saacke (2007) sugeriram que, para melhorar os índices de prenhezes, a IA deve ser realizada próximo ao momento da ovulação (aproximadamente 30 horas após o início do cio), mas preferencialmente anterior a ela, para impedir que o oócito envelheça e permitir a melhoria da disponibilidade espermática para fecundação.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Taxa De Gestação Em Novilhas Nelore Sincronizadas Para Iatf E Inseminadas Com Sêmen Resfriado E Congelado

Fujita¹,

Weiss²,

Rossi³

et al. 2013

AVS

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RESUMO:O presente estudo teve como objetivos: comparar as taxas de gestação de novilhas Nelore após a inseminação artificial em tempo fixo com sêmen resfriado a 5ºC ou congelado a -196ºC, avaliar o diâmetro do folículo pré-ovulatório entre os grupos, verificar a influência das concentrações séricas de cortisol na taxa de gestação e a taxa de ovulação gerada na utilização de acetato de deslorelina. Para isso, 96 novilhas foram divididas em dois grupos, GR (n=47) e GC (n=49) e inseminadas com sêmen resfriado e congelado, respectivamente. O protocolo utilizado foi: Dia 0 (D0) = BE + implante auricular de norgestomet; D8 = retirada do implante + PGF2α + eCG; D10 = acetato de deslorelina; D11 = IATF. Para avaliar a correlação das concentrações séricas de cortisol e a taxa de gestação foram efetuadas análises por meio do Teste de ELISA por competição. O sêmen foi coletado de um único touro da raça Nelore, por meio de eletroejaculação, e dividido em duas frações, acrescentando diluente à base de gema de ovo, sem crioprotetor (GR), e com crioprotetor (glicerol) (GC) e em seguida foi realizado o envase em palhetas de 0,5 mL, com 30 milhões de espermatozoides viáveis por palheta. Não houve diferença (P≥0,05) entre a taxa de gestação do grupo GR (48,94%) e GC (46,94%). Houve diferença (P<0,05) entre os diâmetros de folículos pré-ovulatórios de GR e GC. Altas concentrações de cortisol foram detectadas. Concluiu-se que não houve diferença na taxa de gestação entre novilhas inseminadas com sêmen resfriado e com sêmen congelado, que não há relação entre as concentrações séricas de cortisol com as taxas de gestação, que há diferença entre o diâmetro dos folículos pré-ovulatórios entre GC e GR, e que o acetato de deslorelina promoveu uma taxa de ovulação de 40,6% em novilhas Nelore. Palavras-chave: acetato de deslorelina; bovino; eletroejaculação; folículo PREGNANCY RATES IN NELORE HEIFERS SYNCHRONIZED FOR TAI AND INSEMINATED WITH CHILLED AND DEEP-FROZEN SEMEN ABSTRACT:The present study aimed to compare the pregnancy rate after timed artificial insemination (TAI) using chilled semen (5ºC) and deep-frozen semen (-196ºC), evaluate the correlation between the pregnancy rates and the diameters of pre-ovulatory follicles in Nelore heifers, verify the influence of cortisol levels in pregnancy rate and the efficiency of the deslorelin acetate as an ovulation inductor. Two groups of heifers were made, GR (n=47) and GC (n=49), to be inseminated with chilled semen and deep-frozen semen, respectively. The hormonal protocol consisted on: Day 0 (D0) = EB + ear norgestomet implant; D8 = withdraw of implant + PGF2α + eCG; D10 = deslorelin acetate; D11 = TAI. To evaluate levels of serum cortisol, the competitive ELISA test was used. The semen was collected from a single Nelore bull, through eletroejaculation process, divided in two parts and diluted with egg yolk based diluents without crioprotectant (GR), and with crioprotectant (GC) stored in straws of 0.5 mL and 30 million viable spermatozoa each. There was no statistical significance differ...

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Effects of insemination–ovulation interval on fertilization rates and embryo characteristics in dairy cattle

Cited by 80 publications

References 24 publications

Estrous behavior, ovulatory follicle dynamics, and corpus luteum size in Creole cows after spontaneous or prostaglandin F2α-induced estrous

Estrous behavior, ovulatory follicle dynamics, and corpus luteum size in Creole cows after spontaneous or prostaglandin F2α-induced estrous

Expression and detection of estrus in dairy cows: the role of new technologies

Taxa De Gestação Em Novilhas Nelore Sincronizadas Para Iatf E Inseminadas Com Sêmen Resfriado E Congelado

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