Effects of inherent alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on biomass pyrolysis at different temperatures

Hu, Song; Jiang, Long; Wang, Lele; Sun, Lushi; Xu, Boyang; He, Limo

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.042

Cited by 172 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The char yield and gas yield were both reduced after acid-treated corn stalk. The results are in accordance with the literature (Jensen et al 1998;Song et al 2015).…”

Section: Distribution Of Pyrolysis Productssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The trend in distribution of pyrolysis products is similar when comparing untreated and water (or organic acid) washed biomass with increasing temperature. For example at 500 °C to 900 °C, the yield of solid and liquid products decreased while the yield of gaseous products increased (Song et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cited authors also found that the yield of alkylated phenols increased with temperature, whereas the yield of methoxylated phenols reached a maximum at 600 °C Therefore, temperature is also generally considered to be an important factor in biomass pyrolysis. Many papers on the fast pyrolysis of biomass are available in the literature (Patwardhan et al 2011;Zhou et al 2013;Song et al 2015). The trend in distribution of pyrolysis products is similar when comparing untreated and water (or organic acid) washed biomass with increasing temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metallic Species on the Phenolic Species of Pyrolysis Oil

et al. 2017

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Bio-oil as an important renewable energy product has been successfully made from corn stalks and lignin via a fast pyrolysis process. This study investigated the effects of alkali and alkaline earth metallic species (AAEMs) on phenolic products in corn stalk and lignin pyrolysis oil. Corn stalks were demineralized with 0.5 M HCl, and lignin was doped with 0.2wt%, 2wt%, and 20wt% KCl and CaCl2, respectively. The pyrolysis experiments were conducted in a fixed bed tubular furnace ranging from 450 °C to 600 °C. It was found that AAEMs exert positive effects on the formation of char and gas and inhibit the production of bio-oil. The effect of KCl on the product distribution from lignin is somewhat stronger than CaCl2. Moreover, the content of P, HP, GP, and SP decreases after removal of AAEMs. KCl can promote the polymerization of light molecular aromatic hydrocarbons to increase the SP yield at 600 °C, whereas the effect on increase in P and HP content is relatively weaker than CaCl2. KCl and CaCl2 play notable roles in demethxylation and demethoxylation in increasing phenol content and removing the R group from the ring.

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“…The char yield and gas yield were both reduced after acid-treated corn stalk. The results are in accordance with the literature (Jensen et al 1998;Song et al 2015).…”

Section: Distribution Of Pyrolysis Productssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metallic Species on the Phenolic Species of Pyrolysis Oil

et al. 2017

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“…The char yield decreased from 58.4% to 43.4% at 800 C with salt. The significant reduction of char yield were mainly due to the further promotion of CeH and CeO bond fragmentation and aromatization of carbon by K 2 CO 3 and Na 2 CO 3 during pyrolysis [19], meanwhile, carbon in the char reacted with carbonates according to Eq. (5) [20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of temperature and molten salt on solar pyrolysis of lignite

Zeng

Xie

et al. 2019

Energy

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Molten salt pyrolysis driven by concentrated solar radiation is well positioned to utilize solar energy and lignite effectively. This study focused on the effects of temperature (500, 600, 700 and 800 C) and molten carbonate salt (Li 2 CO 3-Na 2 CO 3-K 2 CO 3) on properties of char obtained from lignite pyrolysis, as well as gas and tar products for revealing their formation mechanism and transformation process. Molten salt pyrolysis of HulunBuir lignite produced more gas products and less char compared to conventional pyrolysis owing to the enhanced heat transfer and catalytic effect of molten salt. The char yield decreased from 58.4% to 43.4%, and the gas yield (especially CO 2 , H 2 and CO) increased from 28.3% to 46.1% at 800 C. CO 2 , CO and H 2 production increased about 60.43%, 103.42% and 65.2% at 800 C, respectively. Additionally, the presence of molten salt improved the tar quality with more hydrocarbon content (maximum increase of 5.8%) and less oxygenated compounds. The structure and reactivity relationship of char was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and TGA. Molten salt generated char had a higher reactivity due to the increase of disorder, surface area, microporosity (maximum of 71.74%) and active sites.

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“…Sodium, potassium and vanadium could be responsible for high temperature corrosion and deposition in the combustion engine [60]. Further investigation also reveals that inherent alkali and alkaline earth metal species promote thermal decomposition of heavier aromatics on biomass pyrolysis [62]. Since the bio-oil produced from the poultry litter fast pyrolysis process exceeds the upper acceptable limit set by the European standard for biodiesel, it cannot be used in its present form as an alternative fuel in internal combustion engines.…”

Section: Bio-oil Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery

et al. 2019

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Livestock production is among the most rapidly growing sectors of the agricultural economy driven primarily by growing demand for animal protein, but also posing significant waste disposal issues and environmental impacts. Moreover, opportunities exist for utilising animal waste at the farm level for heat and power generation (thermal conversion) which can contribute to economic sustainability and also provide a bio-fertiliser for soil amendment. The present study is focused on energy and nutrient recovery from poultry litter using a thermochemical conversion technology (fast pyrolysis). The formation of products (gases, biochar and bio-oil) during the fast pyrolysis of poultry litter was experimentally investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidised bed reactor. Pyrolytic gases accounted for 15–22 wt.% of the product. The carbon content in biochar increased from 47 to 48.5 wt.% with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature. Phosphorous and potassium recovery in the biochar were over 75%, suggesting that it could be used as an organic soil amendment. The high ash content in poultry litter (14.3 wt.%) resulted in low bio-oil and high biochar yield. The bio-oil yield was over 27 wt.% with a higher heating value of 32.17 MJ/kg (dry basis). The total acid number of the bio-oil decreased from 46.30 to 38.50 with an increase in temperature. The nitrogen content in the bio-oil produced from the poultry litter (>7 wt.%) was significantly higher compared to bio-oil produced from the wood (0.1 wt.%).

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Effects of inherent alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on biomass pyrolysis at different temperatures

Cited by 172 publications

References 33 publications

Influence of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metallic Species on the Phenolic Species of Pyrolysis Oil

Influence of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metallic Species on the Phenolic Species of Pyrolysis Oil

The effects of temperature and molten salt on solar pyrolysis of lignite

Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery

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