Effects of imidazolium ionic liquid on cure characteristics, electrical conductivity and other related properties of epoxidized natural rubber vulcanizates

Matchawet, Suradet; Kaesaman, Azizon; Vennemann, Norbert; Kumerlӧwe, Claudia; Nakason, Charoen

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.12.037

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, addition of IL (BMI) significantly increased the modulus of NR composite from that of the gum NR vulcanizate, which matches well the initial relaxation moduli (Figure 9 and Table 6). Also, this result agrees with the addition of IL (5 phr) in the ENR matrix increasing the Young's modulus [48]. This might be due to the physical interactions by π bonds of NR molecules and imidazolium rings [48].…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (Dma)supporting

confidence: 85%

“…Also, this result agrees with the addition of IL (5 phr) in the ENR matrix increasing the Young's modulus [48]. This might be due to the physical interactions by π bonds of NR molecules and imidazolium rings [48]. In addition, lower 100% but higher 300% moduli were observed for the NR/IL than for the NR/CNT composite.…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (Dma)supporting

confidence: 84%

“…In addition, lower 100% but higher 300% moduli were observed for the NR/IL than for the NR/CNT composite. This means that the NR/IL composites gained rigidity from added IL (BMI) via the physical interactions of NR and IL, as well as from the crystalline IL(BMI) phase in the matrix [48]. However, the hybrid CNT-IL filler gave the highest moduli with synergy of CNT and IL (BMI), along with the interactions among IL, CNT and NR described in Figure 2 (Reaction B).…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (Dma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, slightly lower tensile strength and elongation at break were observed for the NR/CNT-IL than for the NR/CNT composites. This might be because the small IL molecules freely dispersed in the NR matrix and acted as defects that initiate failure, similar to that in the ENR/IL composite [48]. Effects of CNT, IL and CNT-IL on strain-induced crystallization of NR composites can be assessed from plots of reduced stress as functions of extension, according to the Mooney-Rivlin Equation 11[49]:…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of carbon nanotube and ionic liquid on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

Krainoi¹,

Kummerloewe²,

Nakaramontri³

et al. 2019

Express Polym. Lett.

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Some properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) filled natural rubber (NR) composites were improved by adding an ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium bis (trifluoromethylsulphonyl)mide (BMI). In this work, the CNT and IL (CNT-IL) were mixed with NR by latex mixing method. Cure characteristics, thermo-mechanical properties, Payne effect, electrical conductivity and thermal stability were investigated. It was found that IL (BMI) accelerated vulcanization reactions and reduced scorch time. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) results confirmed the role of IL in NR composites along with the reaction between CNT and NR molecules. The temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR) measurement was used to assess thermo-mechanical properties, and a relaxation peak of IL was found due to interactions of cations and anions in IL (BMI). Furthermore, the Payne effect was used to qualitatively analyze the roles of IL and CNT in three-dimensional CNT networks in the NR matrix. It was found that CNT dispersion was finer in the NR/CNT composites with IL. Furthermore, the NR/CNT-IL composite had higher electrical conductivity and lower percolation threshold concentration than the NR/CNT composite.

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Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (Dma)supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (Dma)supporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (Dma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of carbon nanotube and ionic liquid on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

Krainoi¹,

Kummerloewe²,

Nakaramontri³

et al. 2019

Express Polym. Lett.

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“…The highly enhanced rubber-filler interactions have given rise to large improvements in filler dispersion and in the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. Recently, various attempts have been made to prepare composites fully based on ENR containing a variety of fillers, including silica [13], lignin [14], and carbon nanotubes [15,16]. Experiments have also been reported on the use of ENR as a rubber matrix in composites containing an innovative geopolymer derived from fly ash waste from electric power-generating plants [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure Evolution of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) in the Melt State by Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy

et al. 2020

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In this work, time-resolved mechanical spectroscopy (TRMS) was used to accurately characterize the rheological behavior of an epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) containing 25 mol% of epoxy groups. Conventional rheological tests are not suitable to characterize with accuracy the frequency-dependent linear viscoelastic behavior of materials, such as ENR, in a transient configurational state. For this reason, TRMS was used to determine the true rheological behavior of ENR, as well as to gain some insights into the changes of its macromolecular architecture under the dynamic conditions experienced during the measurements. The constructed master curves for the moduli revealed a gradual transition of the ENR rheological state from liquid-like to solid-like through the formation of an “elastic gel” throughout the bulk of the polymer. Furthermore, the evolution of the stress relaxation modulus revealed a slow relaxation mechanism, resulting from thermally activated reactions in the molten state attributed to the formation of crosslinks. Finally, the crosslink density evolution was estimated from the TRMS data and compared with results derived from equilibrium solvent-swelling measurements. These demonstrated the accuracy of the TRMS data in the prediction of the structural changes that can take place in polymers during processing.

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Ionic Liquid–Polymer Composites: A New Platform for Multifunctional Applications

Correia

Fernandes

Martins

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

223

201

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Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as a novel class of chemical compounds for the development of advanced (multi)functional materials with outstanding potential in applications of several areas due to their unique properties and functionalities. The combination of ILs with polymers, in a composite, allows for developing smart materials, which synergistically combine the features of specific polymers and ILs. Moreover, ILs can be extensively modified by the incorporation of functional groups with specific properties into the cation, anion, or both. Thus, it is possible to tune the IL, the polymer, or both to obtain a broad spectrum of multifunctional composites and address the specific requirements of many applications. This work focusses on advanced materials and strategies concerning ILs and polymers for the development of smart IL/polymer‐based materials for applications including responsive and sensitive sensors, actuators, environment, batteries, fuel cells, and biomedical applications.

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Effects of imidazolium ionic liquid on cure characteristics, electrical conductivity and other related properties of epoxidized natural rubber vulcanizates

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Influence of carbon nanotube and ionic liquid on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

Influence of carbon nanotube and ionic liquid on properties of natural rubber nanocomposites

Structure Evolution of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR) in the Melt State by Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy

Ionic Liquid–Polymer Composites: A New Platform for Multifunctional Applications

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