Effects of illumination source, culture ventilation and sucrose on potato (Solanum tuberosum) microtuber production under short days

Abstract

SummaryThe culture yield of a simple method of microtuber production of potato was increased by assessing the interactions of illumination source (Thorn Lighting (Philips) “Colour 84” lamps (TL‐84) or Grolux lamps (Sylvania) in a conventional growth room or natural light in a glasshouse cabinet), type of vessel closure (unventilated or ventilated) and sucrose concentration (1%, 2%, 4% or 8%).Microtuber initiation and growth in unventilated cultures was 100% at 8% sucrose falling to 40–50% at 4% sucrose and was absent at 1% or 2%. With ventilation, rapid tuberisation (90–100%) occurred at initial sucrose concentrations of 2–8%, but only when the medium was allowed to dry before transfer of cultures to short days. Water supplementation of cultures at day 28 prevented tuberisation at 1–4% sucrose up to day 56.The fresh weight and dry weight of microtubers per plant increased significantly with sucrose concentration, with ventilation of cultures and under natural light. In ventilated cultures, the mean number of usable microtubers (± 0.1 g weight) increased from between 1.0–1.4 per plant at 8% sucrose to between 1.6–2.6 per plant at 4% sucrose, with the highest numbers (1.8–2.6 per plant) produced under natural light for the cvs Desirée and King Edward. The mean % dry matter content of microtubers was reduced to 11.3% at 4% sucrose compared with 17.3% at 8% sucrose, but the survival rate of microtubers after 6 months storage was unaffected.Microtuber production under short days was improved at a higher intensity of natural light with culture ventilation in a partially‐shaded glasshouse cabinet, whilst using reduced inputs (lower sucrose supply and no lamps).

Upaya Memacu Pertumbuhan Tunas Mikro Kentang Kultivar Granola Dengan Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Sitokinin Berbeda

“…Faktor utama yang paling menentukan pembentukan umbi mikro kentang adalah jenis media, konsentrasi sukrosa, jenis dan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh, serta suhu dan fotoperiodisitas. Induksi umbi mikro dapat dilakukan pada media MS (Garner and Blake, 1989;Rafique et al, 2004;Fatima et al, 2005;Uranbey, 2005;El-Sawy et al, 2007;Badoni and Chauhan, 2010;Hoque, 2010;Alix et al, 2001;Moeini et al, 2011), dengan panjang penyinaran 10-16 jam (Gopal et al, 1998;Moeini et al, 2011), dan suhu inkubasi cukup rendah (18-25° ± 2°C), (Gopal et al, 1998;Uranbey et al, 2004;Moeini et al, 2011). Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sukrosa merupakan stimulus yang paling penting untuk menginduksi umbi mikro (El-Sawy et al, 2007;Nistor et al, 2010).…”

“…Konsentrasi sukrosa yang digunakan bervariasi antara 6-12%. (Garner and Blake, 1989;Alix et al, 2001;Piao et al, 2003;Rafique, 2004;Fatima et al, 2005;2006;El-Sawy et al, 2007;Altindal and Karadogan, 2010;Aryakia and Hamidoghli, 2010;Hoque, 2010;dan Imani et al, 2010) Pertumbuhan tunas aksiler merupakan awal pembentukan umbi mikro, karena tunas tersebut memiliki potensi untuk berkembang menjadi stolon dan umbi mikro jika kondisinya sesuai untuk pembentukan umbi. Perkembangan tunas dalam kultur in vitro sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis dan konsentrasi sitokinin yang ditambahkan ke dalam media tanam.…”

Effect of sunlight and artificial light on micropropagation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlets

“…As a result, in vitro plants adapt to low-light intensity, and have a reduced growth rate (Ahloowalia and Savangikar, 2002). Natural light used to illuminate potato tissue cultures in India and Cuba produced acceptable cultures and considerable saving of energy (Alix et al, 2001). It has observed that plants can grow vigorously in the absence of sugar if provided with proper ventilation system coupled with high photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 100-150 μmol m -2 s -1 and lower percentage of relative humidity inside the culture vessel (Chun and Kozai, 2001) that can be maintained by sun light.…”

Development of a solar/LED lighting system for a plant tissue culture room

“…Besides photosynthesis, light in both quantity and quality, is involved in several processes of plant development such as photomorphogenesis and photoperiodism [1,2,11]. Due to the importance of light for plant growth, plant tissue culture laboratories normally use a big amount of electrical consumption for artificial light.…”