Effects of Lavandula officinalis and Equisetum arvense dry extracts and isoquercitrin on the fermentation of diets varying in forage contents by rumen microorganisms in batch culture

Abstract

-The short-term actions of Lavandula officinalis and Equisetum arvense dry extracts, and of isoquercitrin, flavonoid present in Equisetum arvense, on in vitro fermentation by rumen microbes were studied in batch culture. The orchard grass hay : barley ratios in the three experimental diets were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50 on a DM basis. The production rates of all volatile fatty acids except isobutyrate were strongly influenced by the composition of the diet and to a lesser extent, by plant extracts, with significant interactions between both factors. When hay was the only substrate, the addition of L. officinalis and E. arvense enhanced the fermentation rate by 50%, through an increased release of acetate and propionate. On the contrary, with the two other diets, the fermentation rate was strongly lowered by isoquercitrin. Gas outputs were not significantly influenced by plant extracts.isoquercitrin / plant-extract / rumen / microorganism / in vitro Résumé -Effet des extraits secs de prêle et de lavande et de l'isoquercitrine sur la fermentation de rations de teneurs en fourrage variables par les micro-organismes du rumen en mini-fermenteur. L'influence à court terme d'extraits de Lavandula officinalis et d'Equisetum arvense, et celle de l'isoquercitrine sur les fermentations par les microbes du rumen ont été étudiées en mini-fermenteurs. Les proportions, en MS, de foin de dactyle et d'orge dans les trois rations expérimentales étaient 100:0, 75:25, 50:50. Les productions de tous les acides gras volatils sauf l'isobutyrate ont été fortement influencées par la ration, puis par l'extrait végétal, avec des interactions significatives entre facteurs. Avec 100 % de foin, les extraits de L. officinalis et E. arvense ont augmenté les fermentations de 50 %, par une production accrue d'acétate et de propionate. Au contraire, avec les deux autres rations, les fermentations ont été diminuées par l'isoquercitrine. Les productions de gaz n'ont pas été significativement modifiées par l'apport d'extrait végétal. isoquercitrine / extrait végétal / rumen / micro-organisme / in vitro Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 40 (2000)

The potential of the wild dog rose (<i>Rosa canina</i>) to mitigate <i>in vitro</i> rumen methane production

“…The mechanism of action is based on both direct effects on methanogen activity and indirect on fibre digestion (Bodas et al, 2009;Szumacher-Strabel and Cieślak, 2010). Flavonoids have been demonstrated to modify the microbial metabolism in the rumen (Broudiscou and Lassalas, 2000). In the experiment of Bodas et al (2008) Rheum noblile, plant rich in flavonoids, was particularly promising since it reduced methane production by 16% in relation to the control group in vitro.…”

Screening of plants from diversified natural grasslands for their potential to combine high digestibility, and low methane and ammonia production

“…Tubes were centrifuged at 2000 × g for 10 min at 4°C. Aliquots of supernatant were sampled for volatile fatty acids (VFA) analysis using GLC as described by Broudiscou and Lassalas (2000), and for ammonia (N-NH 3 ) analysis using the Berthelot reaction (Chaney and Marbach, 1962). The residue containing non-degraded particles was autoclaved in neutral detergent solution at 110°C for 40 min to remove solidassociated bacteria, washed and oven-dried.…”

Role of the protozoan Isotricha prostoma, liquid-, and solid-associated bacteria in rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid

“…Briefly, 200 ml of I. prostoma monofaunated rumen fluid was mixed with 400 ml of Simplex type Coleman buffer (Coleman, 1978), prepared as recommended by Broudiscou and Lassalas (2000), and 0.6 g of glucose.…”

“…Aliquots of incubation fluid were sampled for short chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis and DNA extraction. For SCFA determination, gas chromatography was applied as described by Broudiscou and Lassalas (2000). The net amount of SCFA produced during 6 h of incubation was calculated by deducting the amount of SCFA in the corresponding 0 h incubation sample.…”