Effects of Hinokitiol and Dicalcium Phosphate on the Osteoconduction and Antibacterial Activity of Gelatin-Hyaluronic Acid Crosslinked Hydrogel Membrane In Vitro

Abstract

Many hydrogel-based crosslinking membranes have been designed and tailored to meet the needs of different applications. The aim of this research is to design a bifunctional hydrogel membrane with antibacterial and osteoconducting properties to guide different tissues. The membrane uses gelatin and hyaluronic acid as the main structure, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride as the crosslinker, hinokitiol as the antibacterial agent, and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) micron particles for osteoconduction. Results show that the hydrogel membrane with added DCPA and impregnated hinokitiol has a fixation index higher than 88%. When only a small amount of DCPA is added, the tensile strength does not decrease significantly. The tensile strength decreases considerably when a large amount of modified DCPA is added. The stress–strain curve shows that the presence of a large amount of hinokitiol in hydrogel membranes results in considerably improved deformation and toughness properties. Each group impregnated with hinokitiol exhibits obvious antibacterial capabilities. Furthermore, the addition of DCPA and impregnation with hinokitiol does not exert cytotoxicity on cells in vitro, indicating that the designed amount of DCPA and hinokitiol in this study is appropriate. After a 14-day cell culture, the hydrogel membrane still maintains a good shape because the cells adhere and proliferate well, thus delaying degradation. In addition, the hydrogel containing a small amount of DCPA has the best cell mineralization effect. The developed hydrogel has a certain degree of flexibility, degradability, and bifunctionality and is superficial. It can be used in guided tissue regeneration in clinical surgery.

Biodegradable Hydrogel Beads Combined with Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement for Bone Repair: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization

“…Twelve rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (corresponding to postoperation periods of 4, 8, and 12 weeks) and then sacrificed. The surgical procedure performed in the present study is identical to those of previous studies [ 32 , 33 ]. In the present study, male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 2.8–3.5 kg received implants.…”

In Vitro Evaluation of Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement Composite Hydrogel Beads of Cross-Linked Gelatin-Alginate with Gentamicin-Impregnated Porous Scaffold

“…Few studies of the in vitro effects of gentamicin on osteogenic activity have been reported. The literature showed that gentamicin (0.1 mg/mL) exposure for 4 days or more has toxic effects on osteoblast-like cells [ 32 , 33 ]. The release of gentamicin in this study showed that only the C/0.5-GS composite had a sustained release of gentamicin exceeding 0.01 mg/mL for 4 days.…”

“…These changes indicate that adding GS to CPC does not affect cell attachment and proliferation. The expansion of the cytoplasm within the porous composite structure of the 3-D network after the hydrogel is degraded is important for subsequent cell proliferation [ 26 , 33 , 37 ].…”

Advances of Hydroxyapatite Hybrid Organic Composite Used as Drug or Protein Carriers for Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…Regenerative tissue is composed of multiple proteins and polysaccharides that assemble into an organized network that provides structural support to cells. Natural polymers, e.g., collagen, cellulose, gelatin, silk fibroin, keratin, chitosan, alginate, etc., are commonly used for scaffolds and have the potential advantage of supporting cell adhesion and function [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 ]. The diversity of HA/polymer composites as scaffold materials has been driven by the structural composition and function of polymers as well as immunogenicity and pathogen transmission.…”