Effects of high temperatures on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Chamelea gallina

Monari, Marta; Matozzo, Valerio; Foschi, Jurgen; Cattani, Otello; Serrazanetti, Gian Paolo; Marin, María Gabriella

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2006.03.016

Cited by 163 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…In R. philippinarum, low water temperature and salinity induced a decrease in the concentration of hemocytes, lysozyme activity, and phagocytosis capacity (Reid et al, 2003;Paillard et al, 2004b). Several other laboratory experiments underscored the effects of temperature and salinity on hemocyte parameters in various bivalve species (Chu and La Peyre, 1993b;Fisher et al, 1996;Chu, 1998;Allamet al, 2002;Liu et al, 2004;Matozzo et al, 2007;Monari et al, 2007). Only few studies, however, have reported the impact of temperature and salinity on hemocyte parameters in the field (Fisher et al, 1996;Carballal et al, 1998;Matozzo et al, 2003;Soudant et al, 2004).…”

Section: Hemocytes and Environmental Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemocytes of the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum): Current knowledge and future prospects

et al. 2009

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: Hemocytes are the immune effectors in clams, directing cellular but also humoral defences. In the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus), two phenotypically similar venerid species, fishery and aquaculture importance motivated scientific studies to improve knowledge about the participation of hemocytes in immune response. Currently, gaps still persist concerning the classification of hemocyte sub-populations as well as their non-immune activities. This review summarizes current knowledge about hemocytes of the Manila clam and the carpet shell clam, suggests some probable misinterpretations arising from extrapolations from other bivalves and vertebrates, and suggests future research prospects. The susceptibility of hemocytes to environmental modifications as well as biological and chemical toxicants is also re-evaluated. Hemocytes of bivalves are not limited in function to immunity and should be considered in a wider scheme including the environment and whole-animal physiology.

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Section: Hemocytes and Environmental Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemocytes of the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum): Current knowledge and future prospects

et al. 2009

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“…Several laboratory experiments emphasized the positive effect of temperature on hemocyte concentration in hemolymph in various bivalve and crustacean species (see e.g. Truscott and White, 1990;Chu and La Peyre, 1993;Fisher et al, 1996;Chu, 1998;Liu et al, 2004;Paillard et al, 2004;Monari et al, 2007), few studies however showed the occurrence of this pattern in the field (Fisher et al, 1996;Carballal et al, 1998;Soudant et al, 2004). The increase of circulating hemocyte count is generally considered as a consequence of proliferation or movement of cells from tissue into hemolymph .…”

Section: Effect Of Environmental Factors On Hemocyte Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of the hemocyte parameters of Ruditapes philippinarum in the field during an annual cycle

Flye-Sainte-Marie

Soudant

Lambert

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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A field monitoring of hemocyte parameters of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum was conducted from July 2004 to September 2005 in Gulf of Morbihan (France), in order to assess (1) the factors controlling the hemocyte parameters of the Manila clam and (2) their relative contribution to the overall variability of these parameters. Monthly, sixty clams were sampled and Total Hemocyte Count (THC), granulocyte and hyalinocyte counts, phagocytosis, phenoloxidase specific activity, length, flesh dry weight, and condition index were measured individually. Perkinsus sp. infection and Brown Ring Disease symptoms were also monitored.Temperature and trophic resource were also monitored.Results indicate that temperature controls granulocyte counts and subsequently THC. Other environmental factors had no direct influence on the measured hemocyte parameters. Almost all measured parameters were significantly affected by size/age and condition index. There were poor relationships between both pathologies and hemocyte parameters presumably because of low infection intensities. Nevertheless, high Perkinsus sp. infection intensity significantly increased total and granulocyte counts and decreased phagocytosis.An interesting result of this study is that the measured biotic and abiotic factors poorly contribute to the explanation of the total variability of hemocyte parameters. Granulocyte concentration was the best explained parameter. However, only 16.4% of its variance was explained by cumulating temperature, length, condition index and Perkinsus sp. infection effects. This study emphasizes the need for a better understanding of hemocyte functions and the factors modulating these functions.

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“…It is widely accepted that temperature affects enzymatic activity and metabolism in ectotherms (Somero, 2002). Therefore, the increase in antibacterial activity measured in the current study, and the increase in lysozymelike activity measured by Monari et al (2007), could represent an increased activity of hydrolytic enzymes at elevated temperature. Such an increase in antimicrobial activity with increased temperature has been demonstrated in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas, where the activity of antimicrobial proteins was higher at elevated temperatures (Chrisholm and Smith, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Pathogenic challenge reveals immune trade-off in mussels exposed to reduced seawater pH and increased temperature

Ellis

Widdicombe

Parry

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Ocean acidification (OA) and warming pose a considerable threat to marine ecosystems. Previous studies show that these environmental co-stressors significantly impact upon a number of key physiological functions, including calcification, metabolism and growth, in many marine organisms. Yet despite the importance of the immune system, to date only a handful of studies have investigated the impact of reduced seawater pH on an organism's immune response. Furthermore, whilst temperature has received far greater attention with respect to host defence, there is a dearth of information concerning the possible synergism of these two stressors on immune defence. Here we show that a 90 day exposure to reduced seawater pH led to a reduction in the antibacterial activity of cell-free haemolymph in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, whilst temperature led to an increase in this immune parameter. However in contrast to previous research, following this initial 90 day exposure, mussels in the current study were then exposed to the pathogenic bacterium, Vibrio tubiashii. Crucially, whilst reduced seawater pH initially appeared to impair immunological functioning, as has been interpreted previously, mussels demonstrated the ability to restore haemolymph bactericidal activity when required. This indicated that the initial reduction in antibacterial activity was in fact a reversible physiological trade-off, rather than an irreversible impairment of immune function. By demonstrating this plasticity, the current study illustrates the need to measure organism responses within a realistic natural context (i.e. measuring the immune response of an organism in the presence of a pathogen). Failure to do so may result in a misleading interpretation of the ecological relevance of experimental data, and thus the sensitivity of different species in a rapidly changing environment.

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Effects of high temperatures on functional responses of haemocytes in the clam Chamelea gallina

Cited by 163 publications

References 63 publications

Hemocytes of the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum): Current knowledge and future prospects

Hemocytes of the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum): Current knowledge and future prospects

Variability of the hemocyte parameters of Ruditapes philippinarum in the field during an annual cycle

Pathogenic challenge reveals immune trade-off in mussels exposed to reduced seawater pH and increased temperature

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