Effects of high magnetic field on Euglena gracilis

Tanimoto, Yoshifumi; Izumi, Shizue; Furuta, Koichi; Suzuki, Tatuzi; Fujiwara, Yoshihisa; Fujiwara, Mai; Hirata, Toshifumi; Yamada, S.

doi:10.3233/jae-2002-401

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In order to remove the influence of microgravity and hypergravity, which are created by vertical strong magnetic force under the gravity, on a protist's nature of sensing gravity (geotaxis), we employed the horizontal magnetic fields and observed protist's horizontal swimming behavior from above a vessel horizontally held. First of all, our group detected two intriguing MFEs in Euglena gracilis (E. gracilis) which contains several tens of chloroplasts inside the cell [12]. One of them was that the swimming behavior was restricted to move perpendicularly to the magnetic field (the MF-induced perpendicular swimming).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of horizontal strong static magnetic field on swimming behaviour ofParamecium caudatum

et al. 2006

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Effect of horizontal strong static magnetic field on swimming behavior of Paramecium caudatum was studied by using a superconducting magnet. Around a center of a round vessel, random swimming at 0 T and aligned swimming parallel to the magnetic field (MF) of 8 T were observed. Near a wall of the vessel, however, swimming round and round along the wall at 0 T and aligned swimming of turning at right angles upon collision with the wall, which was remarkable around 1~4 T, were detected. It was experimentally revealed that the former MF-induced parallel swimming at the vessel center was caused physicochemically by the parallel magnetic orientation of the cell itself. From magnetic field dependence of the extent of the orientation, the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy (χ −χ) was first obtained to be 3.4×10 −23 emu cell −1 at 298 K for Paramecium caudatum. The orientation of the cell was considered to result from the magnetic orientation of the cell membrane. On the other hand, although mechanisms of the latter swimming near the vessel wall regardless of the absence and presence of the magnetic field are unclear at present, these experimental results indicate that whether the cell exists near the wall alters magnetic field effect on the swimming in the horizontal magnetic field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of horizontal strong static magnetic field on swimming behaviour ofParamecium caudatum

et al. 2006

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“…In these processes, the study and understanding of heat transfer is important owing have better control in the process of producing high quality products. Many studies have been conducted to demonstrate the effect of magnetic field on the control of natural convection in the electrically conducting fluid [4][5][6][7]. In this regard, a two-dimensional natural convection of molten gallium under time-periodic magnetic and gravity fields in square cavity was numerically investigated by Jalil and Al-Tae'y [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

3-D numerical investigation of natural convection in a tilted cylindrical annulus containing molten potassium and controlling it using various magnetic fields

Afrand

Farahat

Nezhad

et al. 2014

JAE

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In the present paper, numerical analysis of an electrically conducting fluid under the influence of a magnetic field in an inclined cylindrical annulus is presented. The inner and outer walls are kept at constant temperatures, and the top and bottom walls are assumed to be adiabatic. The numerical method used to solve the nonlinear governing equations of the problem is finite volume scheme. The computational results reveal that the effect of transverse magnetic field is more significant than that of the axial magnetic field on the average Nusselt number. Also, it is found that when the magnetic field is perpendicular to the axis of annulus, the average Nusselt number decreases from 7.8 to 4.7 with an increase in Ha from 0 to 60.

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“…The red light may have resulted in photosynthetic oxygen production, by which the cells were attracted from outside the light field. The cells also orient themselves perpendicular to magnetic field lines and move toward a high field in a magnetic gradient (magnetotaxis) [ 26 ]. Finally, E. gracilis displays a pronounced gravitaxis (see below) [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Euglena, a Gravitactic Flagellate of Multiple Usages

Häder

Hemmersbach

2022

Life

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Human exploration of space and other celestial bodies bears a multitude of challenges. The Earth-bound supply of material and food is restricted, and in situ resource utilisation (ISRU) is a prerequisite. Excellent candidates for delivering several services are unicellular algae, such as the space-approved flagellate Euglena gracilis. This review summarizes the main characteristics of this unicellular organism. Euglena has been exposed on various platforms that alter the impact of gravity to analyse its corresponding gravity-dependent physiological and molecular genetic responses. The sensory transduction chain of gravitaxis in E. gracilis has been identified. The molecular gravi-(mechano-)receptors are mechanosensory calcium channels (TRP channels). The inward gated calcium binds specifically to one of several calmodulins (CaM.2), which, in turn, activates an adenylyl cyclase. This enzyme uses ATP to produce cAMP, which induces protein kinase A, followed by the phosphorylation of a motor protein in the flagellum, initiating a course correction, and, finally, resulting in gravitaxis. During long space missions, a considerable amount of food, oxygen, and water has to be carried, and the exhaled carbon dioxide has to be removed. In this context, E. gracilis is an excellent candidate for biological life support systems, since it produces oxygen by photosynthesis, takes up carbon dioxide, and is even edible. Various species and mutants of Euglena are utilized as a producer of commercial food items, as well as a source of medicines, as it produces a number of vitamins, contains numerous trace elements, and synthesizes dietary proteins, lipids, and the reserve molecule paramylon. Euglena has anti-inflammatory, -oxidant, and -obesity properties.

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Effects of high magnetic field on Euglena gracilis

Cited by 5 publications

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Effect of horizontal strong static magnetic field on swimming behaviour ofParamecium caudatum

Effect of horizontal strong static magnetic field on swimming behaviour ofParamecium caudatum

3-D numerical investigation of natural convection in a tilted cylindrical annulus containing molten potassium and controlling it using various magnetic fields

Euglena, a Gravitactic Flagellate of Multiple Usages

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