Effects of high-frequency near-infrared diode laser irradiation on the proliferation and migration of mouse calvarial osteoblasts

Abstract

Laser irradiation activates a range of cellular processes and can promote tissue repair. Here, we examined the effects of high-frequency near-infrared (NIR) diode laser irradiation on the proliferation and migration of mouse calvarial osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1). MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and exposed to high-frequency (30 kHz) 910-nm diode laser irradiation at a dose of 0, 1.42, 2.85, 5.7, or 17.1 J/cm. Cell proliferation was evaluated with BrdU and ATP concentration assays. Cell migration was analyzed by quantitative assessment of wound healing using the Incucyt ZOOM system. In addition, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members including p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38), stress-activated protein kinase/Jun-amino-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2) after laser irradiation was examined with western blotting. Compared to the control, cell proliferation was significantly increased by laser irradiation at a dose of 2.85, 5.7, or 17.1 J/cm. Laser irradiation at a dose of 2.85 J/cm induced MC3T3-E1 cells to migrate more rapidly than non-irradiated control cells. Irradiation with the high-frequency 910-nm diode laser at a dose of 2.85 J/cm induced phosphorylation of MAPK/ERK1/2 15 and 30 min later. However, phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and SAPK/JNK was not changed by NIR diode laser irradiation at a dose of 2.85 J/cm. Irradiation with a high-frequency NIR diode laser increased cell division and migration of MT3T3-E1 cells, possibly via MAPK/ERK signaling. These observations may be important for enhancing proliferation and migration of osteoblasts to improve regeneration of bone tissues.

Examination of the Effect of the Combined Use of Nd: YAG Laser Irradiation and Mechanical Force Loading on Bone Metabolism Using Cultured Human Osteoblasts

“…In another study, cell proliferation was confirmed by NIR laser irradiation of osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1). 12 However, the cells did not proliferate in the present study. This could be related to the use of a different cell type and differences in experimental methods for confirming cell growth.…”

“…8,9 Also, another study reports that Nd: YAG laser irradiation promoted osteoblast differentiation, 10 red laser irradiation caused fibroblast proliferation, 11 and diode laser irradiation caused osteoblast proliferation. 12 In the field of orthodontic dentistry, pain relief 13,14 during tooth movement by laser irradiation and the acceleration of tooth movement have been reported. [15][16][17] However, it is currently the case that there are many things the mechanisms of which are not known yet.…”

“…18 In addition, in a previous study from the authors, a wound healing test was performed by irradiating osteoblast-like cells with a diode laser and confirmed that the cells proliferated. 12 There are many researches using the Nd: YAG laser in in vitro experiments, but there is no cell experiment model considering tooth movement. There are several reports that are used as cell experimental models of tooth movement by applying a mechanical stimulus to cells.…”

High-Frequency Near-Infrared Diode Laser Irradiation Attenuates IL-1β-Induced Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Human Primary Chondrocytes

“…These findings indicate that the signaling pathway for IL-1β-mediated regulation of MMP-13 is different from that for IL-1β-mediated regulation of MMP-1 and MMP-3 and may not involve MEK/ERK activities. Previous studies indicated that high-frequency diode laser irradiation affected ERK activity but not p38 and JNK activity [41,42]. Our qPCR results show that high-frequency diode laser irradiation decreased the IL-1β-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression but did not affect MMP-13 expression.…”

“…These devices produce low-level output, high peak power, and no thermal damage to the treated tissue and enable efficient light penetration into the tissue [32,36]. High-frequency near-infrared diode laser irradiation enhanced the proliferation and migration of human gingival epithelial cells [41] and mouse calvarial osteoblasts [42]; promoted epithelialization and bone formation in tooth extraction sockets, possibly by activating cell proliferation and differentiation in vivo [43]; and reduced temporomandibular joint pain [44,45]. Moreover, high-frequency near-infrared diode laser irradiation of periodontal tissue leads to metabolic activation, thereby increasing the tooth movement rate in rats [46].…”