Effects of Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Patients with COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis

Yu, Yang; Xing-zhao, LI; Wan, Taihu

doi:10.1007/s10620-022-07687-2

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Limited data on SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with chronic HBV and HCV infection show conflicting results. For example, in HBV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients, some studies have reported a higher severity and mortality of COVID-19 compared with the general population,63 64 while this has not been observed by others 65 66. Similarly, in HCV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, some reports have indicated a similar COVID-19 outcome compared with healthy individuals,67 while others have shown a higher SARS-CoV-2-associated mortality in HCV-infected patients 68…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Clinical Impact On Cldmentioning

confidence: 97%

SARS-CoV-2 and the liver: clinical and immunological features in chronic liver disease

Luxenburger

Thimme

2023

Gut

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SARS-CoV-2 infection may affect the liver in healthy individuals but also influences the course of COVID-19 in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). As described in healthy individuals, a strong SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune response is important for the outcome of COVID-19, however, knowledge on the adaptive immune response in CLD is limited.Here, we review the clinical and immunological features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in individuals with CLD. Acute liver injury occurs in many cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and may be induced by multiple factors, such as cytokines, direct viral infection or toxic effects of COVID-19 drugs. In individuals with CLD, SARS-CoV-2 infection may have a more severe course and promote decompensation and particularly in patients with cirrhosis. Compared with healthy individuals, the SARS-CoV-2-specific adaptive immune responses is impaired in patients with CLD after both, natural infection and vaccination but improves at least partially after booster vaccination.Following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, rare cases of acute vaccine-induced liver injury and the development of autoimmune-like hepatitis have been reported. However, the concomitant elevation of liver enzymes is reversible under steroid treatment.

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Section: Sars-cov-2 and Clinical Impact On Cldmentioning

confidence: 97%

SARS-CoV-2 and the liver: clinical and immunological features in chronic liver disease

Luxenburger

Thimme

2023

Gut

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“…Sepsis is one of the most common serious complications caused by infectious diseases, which is a very important public health problem with a high fatality rate [17, 21]. Previous studies have shown that coinfection of hepatitis B patients with other viruses may be associated with poorer clinical course [10, 15, 22]. It is not clear whether there is a possibility of worse outcomes after sepsis in patients with hepatitis B infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hepatitis B is a major global public health problem, and despite impressive progress in preventing chronic infections and reducing mortality, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a leading cause of premature death [6]. Chronic HBV infection was prone to coinfection with pathogens including bacteria and viruses [7][8][9][10]. In disease states of chronic viral infection, persistent T-cell receptors and inflammatory signalling drive CD8 + T cells into a state of dysfunction, leading to CD8 + T-cell depletion [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, T-cell depletion was one of the manifestations of sepsis immunosuppression [12][13][14]. Some studies have shown that complicating chronic hepatitis B was associated with poor prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients [10,15]. Bacterial infection (BI) was associated with high levels of HBV replication [7], and in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure, BI can worsen liver failure and lead to adverse clinical outcomes [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of current hepatitis B virus infection with mortality in adults with sepsis

Gao

et al. 2023

Epidemiol. Infect.

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This study aimed to determine the impact of current hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection on patients hospitalised with sepsis. This was a retrospective cohort study. Patients from three medical centres in Suzhou from 10 January 2016 to 23 July 2022 participated in this study. Demographic characteristics and clinical characteristics were collected. A total of 945 adult patients with sepsis were included. The median age was 66.0 years, 68.6% were male, 13.1% presented with current HBV infection, and 34.9% of all patients died. In the multivariable-adjusted Cox model, patients with current HBV infection had significantly higher mortality than those without (hazard ratio (HR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–2.02). A subgroup analysis showed that being infected with HBV significantly increased in-hospital mortality in patients younger than 65 years old (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.16–2.63), whereas no significant impact was observed in patients ≥65 years. The propensity score-matched case–control analysis showed that the rate of septic shock (91.4% vs. 62.1%, P < 0.001) and in-hospital mortality (48.3% vs. 35.3%, P = 0.045) were much higher in the propensity score-matched HBV infection group compared with the control group. In conclusion, current HBV infection was associated with mortality in adults with sepsis.

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“…Most studies that have examined the influence of HBV on COVID-19 prognosis have been conducted in China due to the high prevalence of HBV in the country[ 60 ]. Yu et al [ 61 ] reported higher in-hospital mortality, more severe disease, and liver function abnormalities in COVID-19 patients infected with HBV compared to COVID-19 patients without HBV. However, the presence of COVID-19 infection or treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids could reactivate hepatitis B infection[ 49 , 62 ].…”

Section: Covid-19 In Patients With Pre-existing Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Outcomes of COVID-19 among patients with liver disease

Vujčić¹

2023

World J Gastroenterol

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory disease with multi-organ involvement, including impaired liver function. It has been noticed that a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients have liver dysfunction, especially those with a more severe disease course. The coronavirus causes direct damage to the liver using the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, a cell-surface receptor for cellular entry, that is expressed in the liver. According to previous research, liver enzyme abnormalities were observed in a considerable proportion of COVID-19 patients, and elevated liver transaminases were found in about 20% of these patients, alkaline phosphatase in 6.1%, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in 21.1%. COVID-19 might trigger a deterioration of liver function in patients with pre-existing chronic liver diseases (CLDs) and also in those without previous liver disorders. The majority of COVID-19 patients who develop liver injury are men, the elderly, and those with a higher body mass index. Compared to the general population, COVID-19 is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in patients with liver disease (cirrhosis and liver transplantation recipients). However, some studies indicate that CLDs have a lesser role in determining patient progression towards higher disease severity.

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Effects of Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Patients with COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 63 publications

SARS-CoV-2 and the liver: clinical and immunological features in chronic liver disease

SARS-CoV-2 and the liver: clinical and immunological features in chronic liver disease

Association of current hepatitis B virus infection with mortality in adults with sepsis

Outcomes of COVID-19 among patients with liver disease

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