Effects of Heat Treatment of Hydroxyapatite on Osteoblast Differentiation

Abstract

To develop hydroxyapatite that promotes early cure of postoperative tissue, we heat-treated hydroxyapatite and evaluated its pH-increasing effect and Ca release. We also evaluated the effect of heattreated hydroxyapatite on osteoblast differentiation. (1) No marked change was observed regarding the surface morphology or structure of heat-treated hydroxyapatite on SEM. (2) When hydroxyapatite was immersed in physiologic saline, the saline was made more alkaline by heat-treated than non-heat-treated hydroxyapatite. (3) When hydroxyapatite was immersed in physiologic saline, more Ca ions were released from heat-treated than non-heat-treated hydroxyapatite. (4) X-ray diffraction analysis showed a peak of CaO, which is considered to explain the Ca ion release, in heat-treated hydroxyapatite. (5) When osteoblasts were cultured with hydroxyapatite, heat-treated hydroxyapatite prevented the decrease in the number of alkaline phosphatasepositive osteoblasts in the presence of non-heat-treated hydroxyapatite. Thus, heat-treated hydroxyapatite was suggested to promote early cure of postoperative tissue. Detailed analysis of in vivo effects of heat-treated hydroxyapatite is anticipated to make its clinical application possible.

Effect of carbonated hydroxyapatite submicron particles size on osteoblastic differentiation

“…Factors such as chemical composition, pH, and crystallinity have all been shown to mediate osteoblastic differentiation. [55][56][57] In the study presented here chemical composition, crystallinity of the various compositions, and pH, while not shown in this study, are not significantly different between any of the particle sizes evaluated in this study for osteoblastic differentiation.…”

Grafting effectiveness of Anadara granosa shell combined with sardinella longiseps gel on the number of osteoblast-osteoclast cells

“…During the bone healing process, bone graft usually stimulates and triggers osteoblast proliferation, before migrating to the defect site. 33 It can be concluded that bone grafts derived from the combination of Anadara granosa shells and Sardinella longiceps gel can successfully generate osteoblasts and osteoclasts indicating a more effective healing process. The most effective concentration of Sardinella longiceps gel used was 30%.…”

“…32 These proinflammatory cytokines then trigger the formation of RANKL in osteoblasts that can bind to RANK in the pre-osteoclast to differentiate into osteoclasts. 33 As proinflammatory cytokines decrease, the number of osteoclasts is also expected to decline, while that of osteoblasts is anticipated to increase. Proinflammatory cytokines can directly stimulate osteoblast apoptosis and its precursors, or do so indirectly by stimulating Fas expression of potential proapoptotic mediators.…”

“…Proinflammatory cytokines can directly stimulate osteoblast apoptosis and its precursors, or do so indirectly by stimulating Fas expression of potential proapoptotic mediators. 33 The bone graft used in this research was derived from a combination of Anadara granosa shells and Sardinella longiceps gel of three different concentrations in order to determine the most effective in the bone healing process. Although within the investigation reported here the number of osteoclasts in all research groups was largely similar, the results of the oneway ANOVA test highlighted a significant difference in the number of osteoblasts.…”

How calcite and modified hydroxyapatite influence physicochemical properties and cytocompatibility of alpha-TCP based bone cements

“…The results of previously conducted studies demonstrated that the critically low concentration of some ions, especially Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ might inhibit the activation of integrins (transmembrane receptors—bridges for cell–cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions) and affect both cell adhesion and viability [ 10 , 23 , 38 ]. Asami et al [ 39 ] compared heat-treated ad non-heat-treated hydroxyapatite. They suggested that the promotion of osteoblast differentiation by the heat-treated material might have been caused by high concentration of the released calcium ions.…”