Effects of Graded Levels of Dietary Cellulose on Carcass Lipid Deposition in Force-Fed Chicks

Abstract

Effects of graded levels of dietary cellulose on liver lipid and carcass lipid accumulation are investigated in 14-day old Single-Comb White Leghorn male chicks given fiber-free diet by force-feeding. Cellulose was supplemented at the levels of 1%, 2% and 8% in the diet. Plasma lipid concentration had a tendency to decrease in inverse proportion to the increase of dietary cellulose. Feeding of cellulose at 1%, 2% and 8% levels extensively depressed liver lipid accumulation, although no significant difference was observed among the depressing effects of graded levels of dietary cellulose. Lipid deposition in carcass minus liver was slightly, but not significantly, elevated, and the ratio of liver to total carcass in lipid deposition was significantly lowered by the feeding of cellulose. These results suggest that dietary cellulose affects the distribution and mobilization of lipid in chicks. Jap. J. Zootech. Sci., 50 (8): [592][593][594][595][596][597] 1979 It has been established in chicks that liver is the main site of fatty acid synthesis1-3) and that it plays an important role in lipid metabolism. Adipose tissue, on the other hand, is the main site of lipid storage and its main function is that of accumulation, rather than synthesis, of lipid4). Several factors influencing liver lipid accumulation and fatty-liver in chicks have been reviewed by SUNDE5), NESHEIM and IVY6), and IVY and NESHEIM7). Recently, we reported that liver lipid accumulation was extensively increased by force-feeding of excess food8,9) and was significantly reduced by feeding of dietary fibers such as cellulose, pectin and konjac mannan9-11) at the level of 4% in diet. In those reports, however, it was not ascertained whether addition of cellulose below 4% could depress the liver and carcass lipid accumulation.The objective of this experiment is to investigate the effects of graded levels of dietary cellulose on liver lipid accumulation, carcass lipid accumulation and distribution of lipid in the carcass of force-fed chicks. Materials and MethodsFourteen-day old Single-Comb White Leghorn male chicks raised on a commercial chick starter were housed individully in wire cages under controlled light (14 hours

Dietary Cellulose, Wheat Bran, and Fish Meal in Relation to Hepatic Lipids, Serum Lipids, and Lipid Excretion in Laying Hens

“…Akiba and his coworkers have demonstated similar effects in a series of experiments with growing chicks and laying quail Akiba et al, , 1979. Moreover, our data suggest that, unlike the responses observed with rats, the blood lipid lowering effect of dietary cellulose occurs with relatively small levels of added cellulose and with diets composed of practical feed ingredients.…”

The influence of an isocaloric substitution of soya bean oil for carbohydrates and of the nutrient density of the feed on growth and efficiency of energy utilization in broiler chickens.

“…Bondsdorf Petersen (1973 fed broiles an equal amount of basal ration, mixed with increasing amount of cellelose; neither digestibility of the basic ration nor growth were affected, but the fat content of the animals decreased as the percentage of cellulose increased, which points to a negative influence on effi- ciency of energy utilization. Akiba (1979) found no negative effect of cellulose in the case of forced feeding, but only when the animals were fed normally. This would indicate that with energy consumption at the same level, the negative ef fect of bulky feeds must be ascribed to increased activity necessary for the con sumption of these feeds.…”