Effects of Glass Elements on the Structural Evolution ofin situGrown Ferroelectric Perovskite Crystals in Sol-gel Derived Glass-ceramics

Abstract

Several ABO 3 perovskite ferroelectric crystals, PbTiO 3 , Pb(Zr, Ti)O 3 , and BaTiO 3 have been in situ grown from amorphous gels with glass elements, and the structural evolution has been systematically investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectra (IR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dielectric measurements. It is found that in the Si-contained glass-ceramic systems, Si and B glass elements are incorporated into the crystalline structures, resulting in the variation of the crystallization process, change of lattice constant, and dielectric properties. Some metastable phases expressed by a general formula A x B y G z O w (A Pb and Ba; B Zr and Ti; G for glass elements, especially for Si) have been observed and discussed.

Crystallization Studies and Properties of (Ba1−xSrx)TiO3in Borosilicate Glass

“…For the glass–ceramics, lattice strain, estimated by Williamson–Hall method, 28 were in the range of 0.3%–0.7%, indicating minimal clamping effects. In borosilicate glass matrices, the glass components B 3+ and Si 4+ have been reported 29 to be incorporated into metastable phases such as Ba 2 TiSi 2 O 8 and Ba 2 Ti 2 B 2 O 9 . Compositional variation in the ferroelectric phase due to incorporation of elements between the ceramic and glass phases is the reason for the shift in the T c 10,29 …”

Crystallization studies and dielectric properties of (Ba0.7Sr0.3)TiO3in bariumaluminosilicate glass

“…The dielectric permittivity decreased with increasing glass content, and the ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition became more and more diffuse (figures 8(A) and (B)). These properties can be explained in terms of the incorporation of the glass forming elements, Al 3+ and Si 4+ into the perovskite lattice [20][21][22] and decreasing grain size (figure 7). Al 3+ cations (r C.N.6 − 0.54 Å) will substitute Ti 4+ in the perovskite lattice creating oxygen vacancies.…”

Preparation and microwave characterization of PbTiO3ceramic and powder

“…The sol of PbTiO 3 were prepared in the present study using titanium n-butoxide and lead tri-hydroxide [14]. The gels were dried in air at 100 • C for a week and formed uniform transparency gel.…”