Effects of genotype on yield and yield component of soybean (Glycine max (L) Merrill)

Abstract

In 2013, the multi-location trial was implemented to evaluate the new soybean genotypes for their agronomic performance against the local check. The experiment was conducted in three locations namely Ilonga, Kibaha, and Mlingano in each location a triplicated trial involving six genotypes of soybeans were implemented. The effects of genotype, location and genotype x environment interaction under combined analysis on agronomic yield, and soybean yield were found significant at P<0.05. The highest mean yield was found from TGX 1954-1Fand TGX 1908-8F in all locations. Correlations coefficient for seed yield revealed a positive and significant association with all agronomic yield except 100 seed weight in all locations. The phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation estimates were significantly high for pods per plants (49.49/27.04), while crude protein had the lowest values (1.45/0.98). The finding also revealed that the differences between phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) were significantly lower for crude protein (0.45), followed by pod length (1.45) and 100 seed weight (2.6). The result suggests that the environment had less effect on the expression of these traits. Therefore, selection based on these traits might increase soybeans performance in all locations. The findings have demonstrated the stability of traits in different locations which is a useful information in soybean breeding programs. TGX 194-1F and TGX 1908-8F were genotypes with high crude protein content, and revealed stable performance across the three environments. TGX 1987-10F, TGX 1987-20F and TGX 1910-14F had better performance compared to Bossier.

Effects of Planting Pattern on The Performance of Soybean Genotypes

“…It means that the increasing number of pods with 3 seeds is closely related to the increase of seed weight per plant. The results of Lyimo et al (2017) showed that the number of pods per plant was positively and strongly correlated soybean yield. Some researchers (Abady et al, 2013;Aditya et al, 2011;Ngalamu et al, 2013) reported similar results on the importance of the same yield component in determining the yield of soybean seeds.…”

Agronomic performance and genetic dissimilarity of second-harvest soybean cultivars using REML/BLUP and Gower’s algorithm

“…Studies with genetic divergence in this crop were carried out to evaluate the oil content (Peluzio et al 2014), fatty acid content for biodiesel production (Lima and Peluzio 2015), crude protein, oil content and average contents of fatty acids (Rodrigues et al 2017). Studies are also reported in the literature to evaluate the morphological traits and genetic divergence of cultivars in specific cropping regions and conditions, such as genetic dissimilarity in a lowland environment in Tocantins (Almeida et al 2011), first-crop cultivation in the states of Rio Grande do Sul (Rigon et al 2012), Mato Grosso do Sul (Torres et al 2015), and Piauí (Sousa et al 2016), as well as in Tanzania (Lyimo et al 2017). These regional evaluations are important since the soybean crop is responsive to the photoperiod and temperature (Silva et al 2015).…”